OpenStax US History Chapter 21

Ida Tarbell wrote publicly about

the sinister business practices of Standard Oil

Which of the following was not a key area of focus for the Progressives?

land reform

How did muckrakers help initiate the Progressive Era?

The muckrakers played a pivotal role in initiating the Progressive Era, because they spurred everyday Americans to action. Unlike earlier sensationalist journalists, the muckrakers told their stories with the explicit goal of galvanizing their readers and encouraging them to take steps to address the issues. With photographs and descriptions of real-life scenarios of which many Americans were unaware, the muckrakers brought the tribulations of child factory workers, the urban poor, and others into the living rooms of the middle class.

What system did the direct primary replace?

candidate selection by convention delegates

Which of the following is not an example of social justice Progressivism?

referendums

Which of the following was not a feature of Booker T. Washington’s strategy to improve the lives of African Americans?

immediate protests for equal rights

Who were the “Silent Sentinels”?

suffragists who protested outside the White House

Describe the philosophy and strategies of the Niagara Movement. How did it differ from Washington’s way of thinking?

W. E. B. Du Bois sought to push for civil rights directly, through legal and political channels, drawing on the education and skills of the “talented tenth” to advance the Niagara Movement’s agenda. The movement’s Declaration of Principles called for immediate political, economic, and social equality for African Americans, including universal suffrage, education, and an end to the convict-lease system. This represented, in many ways, a rejection of Booker T. Washington’s advocacy of accommodation and self-improvement.

How did Roosevelt intercede in the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902?

He invited strikers and owners to the White House.

Which of the following was a key Progressive item passed by Taft?

the Payne-Aldrich Act

Which of the following was not an outcome of the Underwood Tariff Act?

It established a federal banking system to oversee tariffs.

Explain the fundamental differences between Roosevelt’s “New Nationalism” and Wilson’s “New Freedom.”

The major difference between Roosevelt’s New Nationalism and Wilson’s New Freedom concerned the candidates’ beliefs about the necessary size of the federal government. Wilson believed that a small federal government could keep bad businesses in check while allowing the country to grow. Roosevelt, in contrast, believed that the country required a large and involved federal government to safeguard the interests of the American people

Why did Wilson’s “New Freedom” agenda come in two distinct phases (1913 and 1916)?

Wilson’s actions were limited by his belief in his New Freedom platform, which promised voters a small government. Still, he took a number of steps in the first year of his presidency to shore up the economy and push back against destructive trusts. With those goals accomplished, he largely left the Progressive agenda alone. As the 1916 election season approached, however, Wilson realized that his hands-off policy was not endearing him to voters, and he ended his first term in a flurry of Progressive legislation that reminded the voting public of all he could do for them.