muscles names and functions

axial muscles help in

positioning head/vertebrae column

aid in breathing

movement of rib cage

axial muscle groups

head/neck

vertebral column

thoracic and abdominal walls

pelvic walls and perineal region

occipitofrontalis frontal belly

raises eyebrows

wrinkles forehead

occipitofrontalis occipital belly

tenses and retracts scalp

occipitofrontalis frontal belly and occipital belly

orbicularis oculi

closes eyes

zygomaticus major

elevates corner of mouth

zygomaticus minor

elevates upper lip

buccinator

compress cheeks

orbicularis oris

compress lips

masseter

elevates mandible

temporalis

elevates mandible

sternocleidomastoid

flexes neck

Superior Rectus

eyes look up

Inferior rectus

eye look down

medial rectus

eyes look medially

lateral rectus

eyes look laterally

superior oblique

eye looks down and laterally

inferior oblique

eye looks up and laterally

back muscle groups

EXtrinsic muscles

INtrinsic muscles

what are extrinsic back muscles

superficial muscles associated with shoulder and arm movement

intrinsic back muscles

deep muscles associated with vertebral column

what three groups are the intrinsic back muscles divided into

superficial muscles

intermediate muscles

deep muscles

what is in the superficial intrinsic muscle group

splenius capitis and erector spinae group

splenius capatis

neck extension

erector spinae group includes

spinalis cervicis and spinalis thoracis

spinalis cervicis extends what

extend vertebral column

spinalis thoracis

extends vertebral column

external intercostal

elevates ribs

internal intercoastal

depress ribs

diaphragm

flattens diaphragm

external oblique

compress abdomen

internal obliques

compress abdomen

transverse abdominis

compress diaphragm

rectus abdominis aka linea alba

flexion of vertebral column

tendinous intersections

White fibrous bands separating rectus abdominis

trapezius

elevates scapula

coracobrachialis (connects coronoid process with the brachialis)

ADduction of arm

deltoid

ABduction of arm

supraspinatus

ABduction of arm

infraspinatus

lateral rotation of arm

subscapularis

medial rotation of arm

teres major

medial rotation of arm

teres minor

lateral rotation of arm

latissimus dorsi

ADduction of arm

pectoralis major

flexion of arm at shouldr

pectoralis minor

protraction of scapula

rhomboid major

downward rotation of scapula

rhomboid minor

downward rotation scapula

triceps brachii (lateral and medial)

extension of arm at elbow

biceps brachii

flexion of arm at elbow

brachialis

flexion of arm at elbow

brachioradialis

flexion of arm at elbow

triceps brachii long head

extension of arm at elbow

pronator teres

pronation of forearm

supinator

supination of forearm

levator scapulae

elevates scapula

serratus anterior

protracts scapula

flexor carpi radialis

ABduction at wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris

ADduction at wrist

palmaris longus

flexion at wrist

extensor carpi radialis longus

extension of wrist

extensor carpi radialis brevis

extension at wrist

extensor carpi ulnaris

extension at wrist

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexion of digits

gluteus maximus

extension of thigh

gluteus medius

ABduction of thigh

piriformis

lateral rotation of thigh

Adductor longus

ADduction of thigh

Adductor magnus

adduction of thigh

pectineus

adduction of thigh

gracilis

medial rotation of thigh

iliacus

flexion at hip

psoas major

flexion at hip

biceps femoris

flexion of leg at knee

semimembranosus

flexion of leg at knee

semitendinosus

flexion of leg at knee

sartorius

lateral rotation at hip

popliteus

flexion of leg at knee

rectus femoris

flexion at hip

vastus intermedius

extension of leg at knee

vastus lateralis

extension of leg at knee

vastus medialis

extension of leg at knee

tibalis anterior

dorsiflexion at ankle

inversion of foot

gastrocnemius

plantar flexion at ankle

flexion at knee

fibularis longus

eversion of foot

plantar flexion at ankle

soleus

plantar flexion at ankle

flexor digitorum longus

flexion of joints and toes 2-5

plantar flexes ankle

flexor hallucis longus

flexion of hallux

extensor digitorum longus

extension of toes 2-5

dorsiflexes ankle

extensor hallucis longus

extension of hallux

dorsiflexes ankle

tensor fasciae latae (iliotibial tract)

lateral rotation of thigh

iliopsoas group includes

psoas major and ilacus