Ch. 5 Interdependent Body Systems

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the interdependent body systems and their functions, as outlined in the lecture notes.

Homeostasis

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Interdependent Systems

Body systems that work both independently and together to perform functions essential for survival.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Comprises the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information and directing responses.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Connects the CNS to the limbs and organs, facilitating communication through nerves.

Somatic Nervous System

Part of the PNS that controls voluntary movements and conscious awareness of the environment.

Autonomic Nervous System

Part of the PNS that regulates involuntary body functions and the internal environment.

Sympathetic Division

Part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' during stress.

Parasympathetic Division

Part of the autonomic nervous system that conserves energy and restores the body after stress.

Endocrine System

A collection of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions.

Hormones

Chemical messengers released by glands that affect target organs and regulate processes.

Cardiovascular System

Comprises the heart and blood vessels, responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

Pulmonary Circulation

The movement of blood from the heart to the lungs and back.

Systemic Circulation

The movement of blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back.

Lymphatic System

A system of vessels and organs that helps maintain fluid balance and defend against infection.

Musculoskeletal System

Framework of bones and muscles that provides structure, movement, and support to the body.

Reproductive System

System responsible for producing offspring, not directly essential for the survival of the individual.

Excretory System

Composed of organs that eliminate waste products from the body.

Digestive System

System that converts food into substances usable by the body and eliminates waste.

Urinary System

System responsible for collecting and eliminating urine, regulating blood volume and composition.

Respiratory System

System that supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.