ANAT 100 Wiley Practical 1

Simple squamous epithelium

lines blood vessels

simple cuboidal epithelium

lines some glands

simple columnar epithelium

lines GI tract

stratified squamous epithelium

most superficial layer of skin

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

throughout the respiratory tract

transitional epithelium

urinary bladder and ureters

Loose Connective Tissue

ex. adipose

few CT fibres, more ground substance

dense regular connective tissue

ex - elastic tissue

more CT fibres, less ground substance

dense irregular connective tissue

collagen fibres

most common

high tensile strength

looks like rope

reticular fibres

no alignment

interwoven network

elastic fibres

thin and branched

wavy/curly

able to stretch

Bone histology

elastic cartilage histology

more flexible

hyaline cartilage histology

most common

wear-resistant

fibrocartilage histology

tough and inflexible

Frontal bone

forehead and roof of orbits

Temporal bone

lateral and inferior skull

zygomatic process

external auditory (acoustic) meatus

mastoid process

sphenoid bone

'the keystone' - attaches with almost every other bone in the skull

looks like bat with wings

parietal bone

superior and lateral surfaces

occipital bone

posterior wall and skull base

foramen magnum

allows spinal cord to exit

occipital condyles

articulates with first neck bone

Coronal Suture

frontal and parietal

Sagittal Suture

between parietal

Lambdoid suture

occipital and parietal bones

Squamous suture

between temporal and parietal bones

maxillary

upper jaw

Nasal Bone

articulate with frontal

nose bridge

Zygomatic bone

cheekbones

temporal process articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone

Mandible

lower jaw

3 parts - ramus, angle, and body

cervical vertebrae

thoracic vertebrae

lumbar vertebrae

Sacrum

Coccyx

Vertebral Body

anterior

Vertebral foramen

houses spinal cord

stacked vertebrae stack to form vertebral canal

Vertebral spinous process

extends posteriorly

vertebral transverse process

paired

extends laterally

Anterior arch on atlas

articulates with dens of C2

'no movement'

Articular surface for occipital condyles on atlas

surface for occipital condyle articulation

'yes movement'

dens of axis

intervertebral disc

shock absorber

Intervertebral foramina

lateral openings

passage of spinal nerves

head of rib

neck of rib

coastal tubercle

angle of rib

manubrium

articulates with rib 1

sternal body

articulates with ribs 2-7

xiphoid process

scaupula

coracoid process, acromion, and glenoid fossa

stabilizes head of humerus

clavicle

manubrium to scapula

coracoid process

spine of scapula

acromion

glenoid fossa

acromial end of clavicle

sternal end of clavicle

Humerus

head of humerus

articulates with glenoid fossa

anatomical neck of humerus

surgical neck of humerus

below tubercles

olecranon fossa

articulates with olecranon of ulna

medial epicondyle

lateral epicondyle

capitulum

think circle

articulates with the radius

trochlea

articulates with ulna medially

ulna

medially placed

radius

laterally placed

head of radius

proximal

disc shaped

articulates with capitulum and ulna

neck of radius

styloid process of radius

articulates with carpal bones

wide and flat

trochlear notch

head of ulna

distal end

styloid process of ulna

olecranon

proximal end of ulna

fits into olecranon fossa

trochlear notch = C shaped depression interlocking with trochlea

metacarpal bones

5 long bones

carpal bones

8 short bones

phalanges

14 long bones

iliac crest

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)

posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)

greater sciatic notch

between PIIS and ischial spine

major nerves and vessels from pelvic cavity into posterior region of lower limb

lesser sciatic notch

between ischial spine and ischial tuberosity

structures from pelvic cavity to genital region

acetabulum

articulates with head of femur

obturator foramen

passage of nerves and blood vessels

anterior and inferior

symphasis pubis

ischial spine

ischial tuberosity

femur

thigh bone

head of femur

articulates with acetabulum

proximal end

neck of femur

medial condyle of femur