PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

“Pre“

• Before birth

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”Natal”

• Birth

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Germinal stage

• First stage

• Di pa visible in any technology or ultrasound.

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Zygote

• From day 1 of fertilization-2 weeks.

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Fallopian tube to uterus

• Starts from single cell until multiple cell.

• Cells will develop.

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Ectopic pregnancy

• Kapag nag-stay sa fallopian tube.

• Within 24-30 hrs after fertilization.

• The zygote divides for the first time.

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Identical twins

• The zygote separates into two clusters.

• 1 egg cell and nafertilized ng 2 sperm cells.

• Mostly same sex.

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Fraternal twins

• When two egg cells are fertilized.

• 2 separate eggs fertilized by 2 separate sperm.

• Could be a girl and boy.

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Implantation

• Is when the zygote burrows into the uterine wall and establishes connections w/ the woman's blood vessel.

• It takes about a week to completely trigger hormonal changes that prevent menstruation.

• Nagkakaroon ng cravings, nagstop ang mens.

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3rd week

• After conception, the embryonic disk folds to form three layers of cells.

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3 layers of cells

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Ectoderm

• Which will become the nervous system and skin.

• On top base

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Mesoderm

• From which will develop the muscles, skeleton, circulatory system and other internal organs.

• Middle

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Endoderm

• Which will become the digestive system, lungs,urinary tract and glands

• Bottom

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Embryonic stage

• Embryo

• 2nd stage of prenatal development

• 2nd week up to 8 weeks of pregnancy

• Once the zygote is completely embedded in the uterine wall.

• During this stage, rapid prenatal changes take place as the groundwork for all body structures and internal organs is laid down

• Nabubuo kaunti ang body structures and internal organs.

• Nadedetect na sa ultrasound.

• Pero di pa nakikita lahat.

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Fetal stage

• Period of fetus.

• Final and longest phase.

• Growth and finishing phase.

• Lasts from 3rd to 9th month.

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3rd month

• Organs, muscles, and nervous systems start to become organized and connected.

• The brain signals, and in response, the fetus kicks, bends its arms, forms a fist, curls its toes, and even sucks its thumb.

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12th week

• The external genitals are well formednand the sex of the fetus is evident.

• Dito nalalaman if babae o lalaki.

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Heartbeat

• Is now stronger and can be heard through a stethoscope.

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17-20 weeks

• The fetus has grown large enough that its movement can be felt by the mother.

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Vernix

• The fetus is now completely covered with white cheese like substances.

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Lanugo

• White downy hair, appears over the entire body.

• Baby hair.

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20 weeks old

• Fetus can be stimulated by sounds.

• Pwedeng makinig ng music, kung ano ang naririnig ng mommy ganon din sa baby.

• Nakakaaninag na din ng light.

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Other influences

The prenatal development can be influenced by the environment:

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Teratogens

• Are environmental agents that cause damage during the prenatal period. Its harm depends on the ff. Factors:

• Dose

• Heredity

• And other influences and the age of prenatal organisms.

• A teratogens effect depends on the dose or how much was taken by the mother during her pregnancy.

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Toxins

• Radiation or x ray.
• If a mommy is stressed or the environment is not good there’s a chance that the baby also feel it.
• May impact sa bata.
• Yung mga mommy na nagkaroon ng german measles nagkaroon ng effect sa cognitive development ng baby.
• Healthy diet and exercise is a must, vitamins prescribed by dr.
• Mother should be responsible for what should take.

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