PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

“Pre“

• Before birth

”Natal”

• Birth

Germinal stage

• First stage
• Di pa visible in any technology or ultrasound.

Zygote

• From day 1 of fertilization-2 weeks.

Fallopian tube to uterus

• Starts from single cell until multiple cell.
• Cells will develop.

Ectopic pregnancy

• Kapag nag-stay sa fallopian tube.
• Within 24-30 hrs after fertilization.
• The zygote divides for the first time.

Identical twins

• The zygote separates into two clusters.
• 1 egg cell and nafertilized ng 2 sperm cells.
• Mostly same sex.

Fraternal twins

• When two egg cells are fertilized.
• 2 separate eggs fertilized by 2 separate sperm.
• Could be a girl and boy.

Implantation

• Is when the zygote burrows into the uterine wall and establishes connections w/ the woman's blood vessel.
• It takes about a week to completely trigger hormonal changes that prevent menstruation.
• Nagkakaroon ng cravings, nagstop ang mens.

3rd week

• After conception, the embryonic disk folds to form three layers of cells.

3 layers of cells

Ectoderm

• Which will become the nervous system and skin.
• On top base

Mesoderm

• From which will develop the muscles, skeleton, circulatory system and other internal organs.
• Middle

Endoderm

• Which will become the digestive system, lungs,urinary tract and glands
• Bottom

Embryonic stage

• Embryo
• 2nd stage of prenatal development
• 2nd week up to 8 weeks of pregnancy
• Once the zygote is completely embedded in the uterine wall.
• During this stage, rapid prenatal changes take place as the groundwork for all body structures and internal organs is laid down
• Nabubuo kaunti ang body structures and internal organs.
• Nadedetect na sa ultrasound.
• Pero di pa nakikita lahat.

Fetal stage

• Period of fetus.
• Final and longest phase.
• Growth and finishing phase.
• Lasts from 3rd to 9th month.

3rd month

• Organs, muscles, and nervous systems start to become organized and connected.
• The brain signals, and in response, the fetus kicks, bends its arms, forms a fist, curls its toes, and even sucks its thumb.

12th week

• The external genitals are well formednand the sex of the fetus is evident.
• Dito nalalaman if babae o lalaki.

Heartbeat

• Is now stronger and can be heard through a stethoscope.

17-20 weeks

• The fetus has grown large enough that its movement can be felt by the mother.

Vernix

• The fetus is now completely covered with white cheese like substances.

Lanugo

• White downy hair, appears over the entire body.
• Baby hair.

20 weeks old

• Fetus can be stimulated by sounds.
• Pwedeng makinig ng music, kung ano ang naririnig ng mommy ganon din sa baby.
• Nakakaaninag na din ng light.

Other influences

The prenatal development can be influenced by the environment:

Teratogens

• Are environmental agents that cause damage during the prenatal period. Its harm depends on the ff. Factors:
• Dose
• Heredity
• And other influences and the age of prenatal organisms.
• A teratogens effect depends on the dose or how much was taken by the mother during her pregnancy.

Toxins

• Radiation or x ray.
• If a mommy is stressed or the environment is not good there’s a chance that the baby also feel it.
• May impact sa bata.
• Yung mga mommy na nagkaroon ng german measles nagkaroon ng effect sa cognitive development ng baby.
• Healthy diet and exercise is a must, vitamins prescribed by dr.
• Mother should be responsible for what should take.