ion formation module 6 exam

chemical bond

chemical bond

force that holds 2 atoms together

cation

positive ion formation

anion

negative ion formation, elements ending in ide

pseudo-noble gas configuration

happens when two 4s valence electrons are lost

octet rule

atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire the stable electron configuration of a noble gas

ionic compound

compounds containing ionic bonds

ionic bonds

electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound

crystal lattice

3 dimensional geometric arrangement of particles

physical properties

melting, boiling point and hardness

electrolyte

ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current

lattice energy

the energy required to separate 1 mol of the ions of an ionic compound

formula unit

chemical formula for an ionic compound, its overall charge is 0

monoatomic ion

1 atom ion

oxidation number

the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom

polyatomic ions

ions made up of more than 1 atom

oxyanion

polyatomic ion composed of an element bonded to one or more oxygen atoms, ion with the greatest number = per (prefix) ate (suffix), least number = hypo (prefix) ite (suffix)

electron sea model

metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a sea of electrons

delocalized electrons

electrons present in the outer energy level that are not held by a specific atom, they can move freely

metallic bond

attraction of metallic cation for delocalized electrons

delocalized electrons increase

strength increases

alloy

mixture of elements that has metallic properties

alnico

magnets

brass

plumbing, hardware, lighting

bronze

medals, bells, bearings

cast iron

casting

gold

jewelry

lead shot

shotgun shells

pewter

tableware

stainless steel

instruments, sinks

sterling silver

tableware, jewelry