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smelting
A process used to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting.
blast furnace
A type of furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, typically iron.
mining disturbs and damages the land
The negative impact of mining activities on the natural landscape.
22 million acres of abandoned mines
The total area of land that has been left unusable due to mining activities.
processing/disposal pollute air soil water
The environmental contamination caused by the processing and disposal of mined materials.
can be controlled and restored at great cost
The potential for environmental damage from mining to be mitigated, although it requires significant financial investment.
mined land prone to erosion
Land that has been mined is more susceptible to soil erosion.
open pit mining uses a lot of water
A mining method that requires substantial water resources.
flooding
An overflow of water that can occur as a result of mining activities.
bury streams, contrib to flash floods
The act of covering streams during mining, leading to increased risk of sudden floods.
acid mine drainage
The outflow of acidic water from mining sites, which can severely affect water quality.
tailings
The waste materials left over after the extraction of valuable minerals from ore.
80 percent can be byproduct
Indicates that a significant portion of mining output may consist of byproducts.
soil supports all terrestrial food webs
Soil is essential for sustaining all land-based ecosystems and their food chains.
weathering is v slow
The process of breaking down rocks into soil occurs at a very gradual pace.
leaching
The process by which rainwater dissolves and removes nutrients from the topsoil.
Soil Erosion
The natural process of soil being worn away, which can be accelerated by human activities.
salinization
The accumulation of salts in soil, often due to intensive agricultural practices.
good soil conservation practices
Methods that help maintain soil health and promote sustainable agricultural use.
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