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define complete combustion
sufficient amounts of oxygen to fully react
what is the formula for complete combustion
alkane + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
define incomplete combustion
insufficient oxygen to fully react
what is the formula for incomplete combustion with limited oxygen
alkane + limited oxygen —> carbon monoxide + water
what is the formula for incomplete combustion with very limited oxygen
alkane + very limited oxygen —> carbon + water
what is carbon monoxide
a toxic, orderless and colourless gas
what is carbon
a black solid
what is a use of alkanes
for fuel
name some pollutants
CO, C, NO
why are alkanes generally used as fuel
that are generally unreactive
define global warming
increase in average temperature of the earth’s surface
what are causes of global warming
CO2, CH4, water vapour
define acid rain
acidification of water
what pH is acid rain
5-6
what is the cause of acid rain
sulfur dioxide (SO2)
what are the two formulas for sulphuric acid
H2SO3, H2SO4
define global dimming/smog
harmful and toxic chemicals in the atmosphere
what are causes of global dimming and smog
NOx, carbon particulates and unburnt hydrocarbons
how could we prevent acid rain
reacting a base with sulfur dioxide
how do we prevent acid rain (IRL)
filter sulfur dioxide through calcium oxide
write an equation for prevention of acid rain
CaO + SO2 —> CaSO3 + CaSO4
what is calcium oxide
lime
how can we reduce CO and NO emissions
catalytic converters
what elements do catalytic converters usually contain
metals such as Pt or Rh
how do we maximise rate at a low cost with catalytic converters
small amount of catalyst over a large surface area
write the equation for a catalytic converter
NO + CO —> CO2 + ½ N2
Note 
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