ant100 SCL quiz qs

It was suggested in the lecture that the four fields of classical anthropology:

A) together provided information about a people to colonial administrators

B) developed independently of each other during the colonial period

C) generate social constructions of different communities

D) have always resisted the metropolitan gaze

A) together provided information about a people to colonial administrators

Social, cultural, and linguistic anthropologists classically studied mostly so-called  ___________________________, while the study of North Africa, South Asia, and East Asia was left to __________________________.

A) "primitive people," orientalists

B) Africans, antiquarians

C) Africans and Latin Americans, folklorists

 D) Africans and Southeast Asians, archaeologists

A) "primitive people," orientalists

Prof. Kalmar argued that:

A) adaptation is not always successful

B) the anthropocene began in the pastoralist stage of economic development

C) coronavirus eased many social problems

D) animals cannot truly think

A) adaptation is not always successful

In class, it was argued that Language as a universal human phenomenon: 

A) limited the kind of linguistic structures that were possible in any particular language

B) showed that there was infinite variation in human linguistic structures

C) demonstrated that differences among cultures are also universal

 D) firmly sets us apart from other primates

A) limited the kind of linguistic structures that were possible in any particular language

Drake is Black: 

A) according to racist misuse of social construction

B) on his mother's side

C) in Canada but not in the United States

D) according to the one-drop rule

D) according to the one-drop rule

Signifier and Signified are notions that we associate with:

A) Saussure

B) Peirce

C) Latour

D) Foucault

A) Saussure

The following is the best example to show that race is not given by nature but constructed by society:

A) the distribution of haplogroup R1b

B) races (such as dog breeds) also exist in animal societies

C) the "Yellow" and "Red" racial categories are inversions of "White" and "Black"

D) specific haplogroups may be associated with specific illnesses

A) the distribution of haplogroup R1b

According to the instructor, the idea of a "yellow race"

A) appeared largely because the Black/White distinction was based on color

B) derives from a historical conflict between Japan and China

C) was brought to East Asia by Buddhism

D) is not accepted by any Asian people

A) appeared largely because the Black/White distinction was based on color

A connotation is:

A) harder to agree on than a denotation

B) when you say exactly what you could only denote vaguely

C) less useful than denotation politically

D) historically attached to a pre-existing denotation

A) harder to agree on than a denotation

"The Real" (as used by Lacan) is to reality as:

A) the unsayable is to the sayable

B) lies are to truth

C) category is to continuum

D) blue and green are to blue-green

A) the unsayable is to the sayable

In lecture it was suggested that in inner conversation, one of the voices is 

 

the voice of society

 

historically older than the others

 

the image stage precedes the symbolic stage

 

one of the voices is more iconic and the other more indexical

the voice of society

____________________ thought that each __________________ makes us think very differently about ____________________.

 

Whorf, language, the world

 

Lacan, stage of development, the political system

 

Peirce, existence, parents

 

Saussure, color, perspective

Whorf, language, the world.

Prof. Kalmar suggested that, in anthropology,

we need not differentiate between religion and spirituality

 

we are spiritual but not religious

 

we support the right to insult religion

 

we are especially fascinated by primitive religion

we need not differentiate between religion and spirituality

In the lecture it was suggested that if we interpreted religion in Lacan's terms,

 

religion is about icons and spirituality is about indices

 

religion represents the symbolic stage

 

religion would be a way to link reality and the real

 

Lacan would have to be seen as a radical atheist

religion would be a way to link reality and the real

The belief that there is an all-pervasive spiritual force in everything is called

 

fatalism

 

animatism

 

monotheism

 

polytheism

animatism

In lecture, Prof. Kalmar said that the struggle between Barong and Rangda in Balinese religion

 

stresses the independence of trance dancers from cultural norms

 

represented the victory of good over evil

 

maintained the balance between good and evil

 

would result in the victory of Rangda

maintained the balance between good and evil

In class, it was suggested that 

 

Taylor Swift was a sacred person

 

the Pope did not require legal citizenship

 

Taylor Swift was part of the Real, not reality

 

the Pope was heterotopic

Taylor Swift was a sacred person

A multiculturalist society is most compatible with

 

jus sanguinis

 

jus justiciae

 

jus soli

 

jus liminarium

jus soli

In internal bordering,

 

homotropic relations are turned into heterotropic ones

 

some residents are given less than the full benefits of citizenship

 

liminal relations are suspended for illegal immigrants

 

identities are restricted to legal residents

some residents are given less than the full benefits of citizenship.

Holy places are always

 

profane

 

heterotopic

 

the end point of a pilgrimage

 

the cause of conflict

heterotopic

Rituals, pilgrimages, holy places, and sacred people are all

 

motives of a liminal secularity

 

defining moments of cultural transition

 

liminal embodiments of the sacred

 

defining elements of heterotopic identity

liminal embodiments of the sacred

Jus soli

 

is associated with a society that welcomes immigrants

 

us used by Rangda to fight Barong

 

is used to prevent indigenous Amazonians from stopping the loggers

 

is the mystical ingredient of nourishing food on Lambok Island

is associated with a society that welcomes immigrants

Liminality may be powerful and frightening, because it

 

eliminates the question about whether something is real or not

 

challenges boundaries that we take for granted

 

can be the basis of powerful identities

 

politicizes distinctions of ethnicity or class

challenges boundaries that we take for granted

The difference between language and dialect is

 

that one is written and the other just spoken

 

chiefly economic

 

political more than linguistic

 

that language is linguistically defined, and dialect regionally

political more than linguistic

What do these pairs of languages have in common: Russian and Ukrainian, Danish and Norwegian, Turkish and Azeri.

 

They are spoken mostly, though not entirely, by different religious groups.

 

They did not exist before the sixteenth century, although some grew out of earlier languages.

 

They do not belong to the overall Indo-European (or Aryan) language family

 

The speakers can understand each other, if with some difficulty.

The speakers can understand each other, if with some difficulty.

Malinowski wrote that in an avuncular society, the biological father is to his children

 

a strict authoritarian

 

an affectionate playmate

 

the guarantee of stability

 

a corporate manager

an affectionate playmate

The wet-nurse system in 19th-century Brazil and its later adaptations was said in class to resonate with the character of Brazil today, because

 

there is still so much inequality between Whites and Blacks in Brazil

women's work is central to Brazil's self-perception

Brazil continues to rely on others to supply its essential economic stimulus

many Brazilians repudiate the Black heritage of the country

many Brazilians repudiate the Black heritage of the country

A Somali student said that in her language, there is a different term for her uncle who is the father's brother, and her uncle who is the mother's brother. This is a feature that is found also in

 

Inuit kinship

Hawaiian kinship

Sudanese kinship

Odawa kinship

Sudanese kinship

We learned that the following can be a basis for kinship in some societies:

 

commiseration

commensality

connotation

compassion

commensality

All men of the ascending (older) generation are called _____________________ and all women of the ascending generation are called __________________________ in the ___________________________ kinship system.

 

father, mother, Hawaiian

 

father, mother, Omaha

 

uncle, aunt, Crow

 

uncle, aunt, Sudanese

father, mother, Hawaiian

According to one prominent linguist, all human babies 

 

are born trilingual

are born with a "language acquisition device"

need to overcome potential logophobia

are born with an immediate capacity to distinguish universal allophones

are born with a "language acquisition device"

Anthropologists  

 

refuse the demand that they follow STEM methodology

may condemn practices in societies they study

teach that we should never challenge experts

never condemn practices in other cultures

may condemn practices in societies they study

"NP" was used in class as one of the

nodes in a tree representing universal deep structure in language

AI programs that are capable of generating natural language

names for a generated surface structure in English

abbreviations that linguists use as an axiomatic foundation for syntax

nodes in a tree representing universal deep structure in language

The following statement best represents Scheper-Hughes' point about the organ trade:

It is representative of the effects of neoliberalism

It must be understood and accepted as it is part of some people's culture.

It was replaced in the romantic period by the piano trade.

The doctors who transplant bought kidneys are criminals.

It is representative of the effects of neoliberalism

One universal level of language is the following:

 

diction

allophonics

pacing

text

text

There is a Brazilian village where mothers stopped abandoning sickly babies to their fate, which happened because 

 

agreement between the elders and the government

the police enforced the law more strictly

of the government's economic policies

of intelligent intervention by anthropologists

of the government's economic policies

As we go from abstract deep structure to concrete surface structure in language, we are 

 

going from symbol to icon

moving from universal to particular

expanding the concrete surface structure

revising our knowledge of surface linguistics

moving from universal to particular

The title of Thomas Piketty's book, Capital and ideology, recalls most closely which of the following pair of terms in Karl Marx?

 

mode and relation of production

base and superstructure

substance and justification of production

economy and culture

base and superstructure

Horticulturalism was particularly common traditionally in 

 

Neanderthal society

rice terrace cultivation in Bali

the indigenous societies of the Americas

maritime cultures

the indigenous societies of the Americas

Pastoralists 

often find God or gods in the sky

rely on serfs to tend and husband their animals

prefer endogamous marriage patterns

produce more surplus wealth than agriculturalists

often find God or gods in the sky

The vassal

 

is a ruler who agrees to be ruled by another ruler

decides on all important matters except for taxation

is a mode of production

first appears in horticulturalism

is a ruler who agrees to be ruled by another ruler

"Nature" actually becomes largely human-made in which of the following economic systems?

 

horticulture

foraging

intensive agriculture

slash and burn agriculture

intensive agriculture

Most people in a medieval industrial agricultural society were

 

slaves

peasants

artisans

vassals

peasants

Karl Marx

wrote "The Communist Manifesto"

was the son of a rich industrialist

worked together with Joseph Stalin

wrote a version of "Capital" that was later edited by Mao Zedung

wrote "The Communist Manifesto"

The kula ring was used in class to give an example 

 

of trading with a personal dimension

an ideological difference between capitalism and feudalism

of signifying an inherited estate rather than acquired class

industrialist relations of production

of trading with a personal dimension

In postindustrial society, the following constitutes a far bigger share of the economy than before:

 

secure labor contracts

agriculture

factories

services

services

Gifts generally 

 

are a one-way transfer of capital

place an obligation on those who receive them

are another form of financial exchange

increase as the social status of the recipient decreases

place an obligation on those who receive them

Kalmar said that globalization

was really the unopposed sway of American-allied capital

was essential to Donald Trump's agenda

destroyed the independence of nations

meant imposing tariffs worldwide

was really the unopposed sway of American-allied capital

Urban slums and surplus populations 

 

grow in postindustrialism

exist only in industrialized rich countries

disappeared in early capitalism

were eliminated during Fordism

grow in postindustrialism

The largest class in postindustrial society is the

middle class

underemployed

working class

elite

middle class

Adam Smith is known for his economic metaphor of 

 

the feet of clay

the puppet master's ears

the all-seeing eye

the invisible hand

the invisible hand

Why is neoliberalism "neo"?

 

Because it revises the free-market ideology of liberalism.

Because it goes back to liberalism after the experience of the welfare state.

Because it returns to the globalism of the Fordist era.

Because it is more intensive than the liberalism of earlier centuries.

Because it goes back to liberalism after the experience of the welfare state.

The instructor suggested that American business and political leaders stopped believing in globalization 

 

when forced to abandon their outsourcing.

when they saw that they cannot fight Donald Trump.

once China became a serious economic rival.

because it is inherently opposed to liberalism.

once China became a serious economic rival.

According to Oxfam's 2025 report, the average low- or middle-income country

 

had given up on becoming democratic.

was dominated by a small cabal of oligarchs.

was unable to rebuild roads and bridges.

spent about half of its budget on debt service.

spent about half of its budget on debt service.

While __________________ moves freely, _______________________'s movement is restricted.

 

the upper class, the middle class

capital, labor

capital, profit

labor, capital

capital, labor

Which of the following is the most typical kind of government-sponsored development project?

dams

postal networks

nursing centres

microfinance

dams

It has been found that women who borrow money under microfinance schemes often

 

share the money with their children.

use it for otherwise unavailable health care.

squander the money on temporary sources of satisfaction.

give the money to their husband.

give the money to their husband.

Fiora, the "mobbing" counselor in the required reading by Molé, showed the effects of 

 

the fear of neoliberalism

reindustrialization

US interference in Italy

labor union organization

the fear of neoliberalism

Marshall McLuhan thought that 

 

a democracy must control messaging on the media

the upper class benefitted disproportionately from digital media

the digital revolution made the need for literacy only stronger 

new media would change culture regardless of content

new media would change culture regardless of content

Virtuality seriously challenges

 

our ideas about the natural origins of gender

notions of materiality and immateriality

the postindustrial means of production

the capitalist class

notions of materiality and immateriality

The instructor suggested that the mixture of biological and mechanical parts in a human or human-like creature  

 

is scary only if the machine part seems more significant than the biological

characterizes the uncanny valley

is still only a matter of science fiction

has political significances in post-globalization neoliberal core-periphery relations

is scary only if the machine part seems more significant than the biological

Neuralink is

 

exploiting outsourced labor in Asia

already functional

a digitalized haptic signal

a subsidiary of OpenAI

already functional

Orcs generated by CGI in the Lord of the Rings films

 

reality is a virtual simulacrum

CGI and natural language both generate distortion

show that virtual, computer generated imagination can function more efficiently than biological

show that code can generate infinite virtual objects with slight variations

show that code can generate infinite virtual objects with slight variations

It was said in lecture that human life might resemble virtual life (or hyperreality) because of the nature of which of the following?

 

biopower

social construction

the human genome

panoptic governmentality

the human genome

It was suggested in class that 

 

a new, digitally created species is sure to replace homo sapiens in the future

the upper classes have come to monopolize mechanical body implants

the uncanny valley consists of an infinite number of cloned humans

mixing natural and engineered body parts is scary only if the engineered part dominates

mixing natural and engineered body parts is scary only if the engineered part dominates

Power 

 

is greatest when exercised by the government

is utilized but also resisted by governments

is greatest when exercised by business

is exercised at every level of society

is exercised at every level of society

What Gramsci meant by hegemony is

 

the power of education to obscure rather than reveal the truth about society

a way to get people's consent to power

the imperialist practices of the Western states

the inequality that exists among social classes, genders, and races

a way to get people's consent to power

Gramsci thought that hegemony had something to do with

 

advertising

social media

pseudo-science

prestige

prestige

The panopticon is a

 

prison

tower

theatre

early digital device

prison

Which of the following is most capable of assembling Big Data?

 

protectionism

social media

urban illiberalism

a panoptic society

a panoptic society

It was said in lecture that unlike when surveillance is conducted for business purposes, when it is conducted by government it

 

lacks the funds to develop into Big Data

is not transparent

may lead to more rather than less employment

aims to better the citizens' quality of life

is not transparent

Good manners, it was said in lecture, show how

 

education can make us better

the higher classes have prestige

one can disagree with others' opinion agreeably

have been diminished in the digital age

the higher classes have prestige