grammar final exam

Identify parts of speech (Noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb, verb, preposition, conjunction, or interjection)

be able to do this for full sentences

sentence

• group of related words that contain subject predicate (verb)

• expresses a complete thought

subject

topic of sentence

predicate

verb and/or other words that tell what the subject is or what it is doing

complete predicate

• includes complete verb and all other words that relate to the verb

• locating the predicate is the first step

complete subject

• includes the simple subject and all other words that relate to the subject

• locating the subject is the second step

clause

group of words that contain a subject and predicate

independent clause

• can stand alone as a sentence

• “The basketball team played well on Saturday, and the volleyball team played well too.”

dependent clause

• cannot stand alone; functions within a sentence as a modifier or in place of a noun

• subordinating word

adjective clause

• dependent clause that acts like an adjective in a sentence

• modify a noun or pronoun in another clause

• introduced by relative pronouns or adverbs

relative pronoun

• who, whom, whose, which, that

• introduces an adjective clause

relative adverb

• when, where, why

• introduces an adjective clause

adverb clause

• a dependent clause that usually modifies verbs

• may modify adjectives or other adverbs

• describe when, where, and to what extent

words that introduce adverb clauses

• subordinating conjunctions - it, because, although, while, since

• indefinite relative pronouns - whatever, whomever, whoever

noun clause

• a dependent clause that functions as a noun in a sentence

words that introduce noun clauses

• subordinating conjunctions - if, whether

• indefinite relative pronouns - whoever

• indefinite relative adverbs - when, whenever