APUSH Period 3

Reasons for 7 Years War

• French encroachment of territory

• Ohio River Valley

Albany Plan of Union

Union of colonies in defense of F&I War, not accepted by colonies

Peace of Paris

France control in North America ends

British View of War

low opinion of colonial armies

Colonial View of War

high opinion of armies and fighting

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Native American attacks on colonial settlements

Proclamation of 1763

boundary at Appalachian Mountains to limit colonists, prevent conflict with NAs

Sugar Act

taxes placed on sugar and other luxuries

Quartering Act

colonists had to provide housing for British troops

Stamp Act

taxes for stamps to be placed on paper products

Sons of Liberty

secret society to intimidate tax agents

Declaratory Act

Repeal of Stamp Act, stated that Parliament has the right to tax colonists

Townshend Act

taxes on tea, glass, paper, paint, search of homes for smuggled goods

writ of assistance

general permission to search anywhere, no judge warrant needed

Massachusetts Circular letter

pamphlet petition Parliament to repeal Townshend Acts

Boston Massacre

provaction of British soldiers, fired into crowd, 5 died - used for Anti-British sentiment

Crispus Atticus

african american killed in Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party

throwing of tea into Boston Harbor - defiance against Tea Act

Committees of Correspondence

committees that shared information on British

Intolerable Acts

• punish Boston

• closed port of Boston

• trials in Great Britain

Quebec Act

took away lands from colonies, official religion of catholicism

Deism

believed in God, no intervention in life

Rationalism

human reasoning

John Locke

natural rights - life, liberty, property

Common Sense

argued for the independence of the colonies from Great Britain

First Continental Congress

response to threats to colonial liberties

Declaration and Resolves

petition to the King to make right the colonial grievances

Suffolk Resolves

urge colonies to resist British control by boycotting goods and preparing weapons

Lexington and Concord

first battle of Revolution, British humiliated

Second Continental Congress

Call for taking up Arms, organize the revolution

Olive Branch Petition

one last try to reconcile with the King

Declaration of Independence

“We hold these truths to be self-evident..”, written by Thomas Jefferson

Patriots vs Loyalists

Rebels vs tories

American Army

poorly trained and funded, less experienced, less troops

Battle of Saratoga

turning point - convinced the French to join the cause

Yorktown

Last Battle of Revolutionary War - supported by French Navy, British Surrender

Treaty of Paris

Peace Treaty for Revolutionary War

• Americans would pay back debts from before the war, loyalists get property back

• Mississippi Boundary

Daughters of Liberty

boycotted British goods, made their own products, nurses

Republican Motherhood

role for women to raise patriotic sons and shape the new generation

Inspired ….

Haitan Revolution, French Revolution

Articles of Confederation

Weak first form of government in colonies, no rights to collect taxes, unicameral(one house), amended

Separation of Powers

legislative, executive, judicial

Land Ordinance of 1785

survey and sell western lands

Northwest Ordinance

guidelines for new states

Shay’s Rebellion

farmers in rebellion for high taxes and debt, closed debtors courts

Annapolis Convention

conference to discuss articles

federalism

strong central government

Virginia Plan

votes/representation by population - favored larger states

New Jersey Plan

votes/representation same between all states - favored smaller states

Great Compromise

two-house (bicameral) congress

Three-Fifths compromise

enslaved population counted as 3/5 a person, counted 3/5 of slaves into states population

Federalists

ratify constitution, strong central government, national over state, national bank, tarriffs, loose construction, PRO BUSINESS, northern business and wealthy

Anti-Federalists

opposed ratification, no big government

Federalist papers

presented good reasons for ratification of constitution

Bill of Rights

first 10 Amendments

Judiciary Act of 1789

Supreme Court created

Hamilton’s Financial Program

1.) federal government assume state debt

2.) national bank

3.) high tariffs

Washington’s Foreign Policy

neutrality

Pickney Treaty

opened up Spanish territory for trade, Mississippi River and New Orleans

The Whiskey Rebellion

state tax on whiskey caused a rebellion

• militia sent to calm rebellion = show of federal strength

Democratic-Republican

strict construction, weak central government, PRo-French, farmers, workers

Washington’s Farewell Address

• no European affairs

• no alliances

• no political parties

• two term traditional

XYZ Affair

French dignitaries requested bribes for negotiations, upset colonists

Alien and Sedition Acts

made it difficult to become a US citizen - waiting period increased