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Blood
A vital connective tissue composed of plasma, extracellular matrix, and formed elements.
Plasma
The liquid matrix of blood, constituting 55% of blood volume.
Hematopoiesis
The process of blood cell production.
Red blood cells (RBCs)
Flexible biconcave disc-shaped cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Hemoglobin
A protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Platelet plug formation
The accumulation of platelets that can seal small breaks in blood vessels.
Fibrinogen
A plasma protein that is converted to fibrin during blood clotting.
Anticoagulants
Substances that prevent coagulation factors from initiating clot formation.
Thromboplastin
A mixture of lipoproteins and phospholipids released from damaged tissues that initiate clotting.
Agglutination
Clumping of red blood cells due to interaction between antigens on their surfaces and specific antibodies.
RhoGAM
An injection containing antibodies against Rh antigens, used to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Prothrombinase
An enzyme that converts prothrombin into thrombin, a critical step in the clotting process.
Erythropoietin (EPO)
A hormone released by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production.
Differential white blood count
A test that determines the percentage of each type of white blood cell in the blood.
Hematocrit
A measurement of the percent of blood that is made up of red blood cells.
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