Engineering management part 2

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56 Terms

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Planning

"the best methods and approaches for accomplishing organizational objectives."

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Planning (Aldag and Stearns)

"the selection and sequential ordering of tasks required to achieve an organizational goal".

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Planning (Cole and Hamilton)

"deciding what will be done, who will do it, where, when and how it will be done, and the standards to which it will be done."

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Top Management Level

Strategic planning

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Middle Management Level

Intermediate Planning

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Lower Management Level

Operational Planning

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STRATEGIC PLANNING

is the procedure of identifying the organization's key goals, as well as the policies and strategies for acquiring and utilizing resources to achieve those goals."

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INTERMEDIATE PLANNING

The process of determining the contribution that subunits can make with allocated resources.”

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Setting Organizational, Divisional, or Unit Goals

Provide a sense of direction to his firm.

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Goals

Precise statement of results sought, quantified in time and magnitude, where possible.

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Strategy

A course of action aimed at ensuring that the organization will achieve its objectives.

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Tactics

Short term action taken by management to adjust to negative internal or external influences.

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Determining resources needed

The quality and quantity of resources needed must be correctly DETERMINED.

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Setting Standards

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Standard

A quantitative or qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the performances of people, capital goods, or processes.

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Functional Area

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Plans with time Horizon

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Plans with Varied frequency of use

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Marketing plan

Implementing and Controlling an organization’s marketing activities

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Production Plan

The quantity of output a company must produce in broad terms and by product family

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Financial Plan

Summarize, Analyzes and

Direction of Financial needs.

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Human Resource Management Plan

Indicates the human resource needs of a company detailed in terms of quantity and quality.

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Short range plans

Plans intended to cover a period of less than one year

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Long range plans

Plans covering a time span of more than one year

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Standing Plans

Used again and again and they focus on managerial situations

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Single use plans

Unique and are unlikely to be repeated

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Policies

broad guidelines and about recurring situations or function.

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procedure

plans that describe the exact series of actions to be taken in a given situation.

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rules

statement that either require or forbid a certain action.

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Budgets

Projected expenditure for a certain activity and explains where the required funds will come from.

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programs

designed to coordinate a large set of activities

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Projects

Limited in scope that a program and prepared to support a program.

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Plan

is a methodological way of achieving results

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Organizing

the structuring of resources and activities to accomplish objectives in an efficient and effective manner.

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Division of Labor

determining the scope of work and how it is combined in a job.

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delegation of authority

the process of assigning various degrees of decision-making authority to subordinates.

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department

the grouping of related jobs, activities, or processes into a major organizational subunits.

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span of control

the number of subordinates who report directly to a manger

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coordination

the linking of activities in the organizational that serves to achieve a common goal or objective.

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Formal organization

details lines of responsibilities, authority, and position.

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Organizational Charts

diagram of the organization’s official positions and formal lines of authority.

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organizational manual

provides written descriptions of authority relationships, details the functions of major organizational units, and describes job procedures.

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Policy Manuals

personnel activities and company policies

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Informal Group

When membrs of an organization spontaneously form a group with friendship as a principal reason for belonging

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Functional Organization

everyone engaged in one functional activity such as engineering or marketing, is grouped into one unit.

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Product or market organization

refers to the organization of a company by divisions that brings together all those involved with a certain type of product or costumer.

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Matrix organization

each employee reports to both a functional or division manager and to aproject or group manager.

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Line authority

a manager’s right to tell subordinates what to do and then see that they do it.

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Staff authority

a staff specialist’s right to give advice to a superior.

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personal staff

those individuals assigned to a specific manager to provide needed staff services.

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Specialized Staff

those individuals providing needed staff services for the whole organization.

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Functional authority

a specialist’s right to oversee lower level personnel involved in that specialty, regardless of where the personnel are in the organization

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Committee

is a formal group of persons formed for a specific purpose.

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committee

is usually formed to provide the necessary line-up of exepertise needed to achieve certain objectives.

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Ad hoc Committee

one created for a short-term purpose and have a limited life

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Standing committee

it is a relatively permanent committee that deals with issues on an on going basis.