enzymes and metabolic reactions

what are catalysts

substances that control speed of chemical reaction without alternating products or themselves

what are enzymes

special protein catalysts that permit reactions to occur at low temps which reduces activation energy.

where are enzymes found

they are found in fixed positions on the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria

what is a enzyme substrate complex

it is when a substrate is perfectly fitted to the active sight of the enzyme and released once the substrate is changed.

what is the difference between lock and key and the induced fit

induced fit allows the enzyme to change the shape of the substrate which creates a tighter fit. the lock and key makes the enzyme like a permanent shape

what are cofactors

non protein inorganic molecules

what are coenzymes

organic molecules formed by vitamins

can cofactors and coenzymes bond with only one enzyme

no they can bond with multiple enzymes!!

what factors effect enzyme reactions

temperature, pH, concentration of substrate, competitive inhibitors, and non competitive inhibitors

at what temperature do cells perform the best

37°

what happens if the pH of a enzyme changes

it is no longer functional

why does the concentration of substrate matter in enzyme reactions

the more substrate the faster rate of reaction to a point. if there’s a limited amount then it will level off since it’s overworked

which one is most harmful to enzymes, competitive inhibitors or non competitive inhibitors?

competitive inhibitors because it can destroy cells while non competive inhibitors make the enzyme less able to bond but doesn’t destroy the connection