Chapter 1

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the Science Inquiry lecture notes, focusing on types of investigations, the scientific method, and data presentation.

Controlled experiments

Experiments where one variable is changed while all others are kept the same to test a hypothesis.

Hypothesis

A proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested through experiments.

Literature review

A collection and study of published material on a subject to build on prior knowledge and avoid duplication.

Variables

Factors that can change in an experiment; includes independent, dependent, controlled, and uncontrolled variables.

Repetition

The process of conducting the same experiment multiple times to ensure reliability of results.

Reliability

The consistency of results in an experiment over repeated trials.

Accuracy

How close data is to the correct value, often dependent on the equipment used.

Ethics in research

The set of moral principles that guide research involving human participants, including informed consent and confidentiality.

Surveys

A method of data collection from large numbers of individuals, often done through questionnaires or interviews.

Line graphs

A type of graph used for displaying continuous data that shows how changes to one variable affect another.

Bar graphs

Graphical displays of data using bars of different heights to represent discrete data or categorical data.

Histograms

Graphical displays used to group numbers into ranges, often for continuous data like weight and height.

Experimental group

The group in an experiment that receives the treatment or intervention.

Control group

The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention, used for comparison.