Pathology Final Exam Questions

Your 60 year old patient’s lab report came out today. Fasting blood glucose of this patient is 50 mg/dL. You are going to see this patient for scheduled therapy today. Your best course of action for this patient would be:
a. vigorous strength training program
b. bike with resistance
c. request carbohydrate intake
d. light exercises for the day

c. request carbohydrate intake

Germ theory states that ______ microorganisms can cause _____ disease.
a. specific, multiple
b. multiple, multiple
c. multiple, specific
d. specific, specific

d. specific, specific

True or False: Complete blood count tests erythrocytes, adipocytes, thrombocytes from a blood sample.

False

Basic metabolic panel tests of all of the following, except:
a. acid/base balance
b. electrolyte level
c. liver function
d. blood sugar

c. liver function

A 40 year old male patient’s lab test show sodium ions as: 109 mEq/L. The patient is suspected to have:
a. hyponatremia
b. hypochloremia
c. hypokalemia
d. hypocalcemia

a. hyponatremia

True or False: The number of new cases per population in a given time period is referred as “Prevalence”

False

Match the condition with the description
a. not having enough WBCs
b. not having enough platelets
c. not having enough RBCs

- leukopenia
- erythrocytopenia
- thrombocytopenia

a. not having enough WBCs - leukopenia
b. not having enough platelets - thrombocytopenia
c. not having enough RBCs - erythrocytopenia

Mr Lee is a 50 year old male patient admitted to the ICU last night. His lab test just revealed that his chloride level is 100 mEq/L. As a PT, you would interpret this serum chloride level as:
a. critical range
b. high
c. low
d. within normal range

d. within normal range

Clinical manifestations of a disease that can be measured objectively are referred to as:
a. signs
b. precautions
c. contraindications
d. symptoms

a. signs

Your patient is a 39 year old male. What is considered a normal Hemoglobin level for this patient?
a. 19 g/dL
b. 15 g/dL
c. 20 g/dL
d. 11 g/dL

b. 15 g/dL

You are going to treat your 45 year old male patient, admitted to ICU last night. Which of the following lab values is NOT in the normal range?
Na: 138 mEq/L
K: 6 mEq/L
Cl-: 99 mEq/L
HCO3-: 23 mEq/L

a. Na
b. K
c. Cl-
d. HCO3-

b. K

True or False: A pathological condition affecting only a restricted part of the body is referred to as “Local.”

True

Blood urea nitrogen test, tests the ability of liver to:
a. convert ammonia to urea
b. convert glucose to glycogen
c. convert ammonia to heme
d. convert heme to bilirubin

a. convert ammonia to urea

A 14 year old male soccer player comes to your clinic with chief complaints of knee pain and swelling, which started 2 days ago. Further examination reveals significant decrease in knee flexion ROM. What would be adequate therapy of the day?
a. squats
b. ankle pumps
c. knee mobilization
d. ice and compression

d. ice and compression

Antibody immune complexes are found in which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
a. Type 1 Hypersensitivity
b. Type 2 Hypersensitivity
c. Type 3 Hypersensitivity
d. Type 4 Hypersensitivity

c. Type 3 Hypersensitivity

Formulation of granulation tissue is the result of which phase of healing?
a. hemostasis and degeneration
b. inflammation
c. proliferation and migration phase
d. remodeling and maturation phase

c. proliferation and migration phase

Histamine causes ____ and ____.
a. vasodilation, increases vasopermeability
b. vasoconstriction, increases vasopermeability
c. neutrophil chemotaxis, increases vasopermeability
d. clotting, increases vasopermeability

a. vasodilation, increases vasopermeability

HIV infects the following cells in lymph tissue:
a. CD8
b. CD1
c. CD4
d. CD27

c. CD4

True or False: Hypertrophy is enlargement due to increase in number of cells

False

True or False: Innate immunity is specific to infectious agents and falls under the third line of defense.

False

Sickle cell anemia is a type of cellular injury caused by:
a. genetic factors
b. physical factors
c. nutritional factors
d. chemical factors

a. genetic factors

Which of the following is not a cellular adaptation to cell injury?
a. hyperplasia
b. metaplasia
c. dysplasia
d. myoplasia

d. myoplasia

You are going to work on gaining ankle dorsiflexion ROM in your patient who is diagnosed with HIV. Injury to the ankle happened 2 months ago through a fracture but the fracture site has healed completely. What precaution do you need to take as a therapist before you begin working with this patient?
a. standard precautions
b. contact precautions
c. droplet precautions
d. airborne precautions

a. standard precautions

____ and _____ are second line defenses.
a. temperature (normal), ear wax
b. neutrophiles, mucous membrane
c. neutrophils, swelling
d. flushing mechanism, neutrophils

c. neutrophils, swelling

Which of the following is not a type of lymphocyte:
a. Human leukocyte antigen presenting cells
b. T cytotoxic / CD8 Cells
c. B lymphocyte
d. T Helper / CD4 Cell

a. Human leukocyte antigen presenting cells

Match the following events with the description of what is happening in the phase pf healing:
a. Remodeling and Maturation
b. Inflammation
c. Hemostasis and Degeneration
d. Proliferation and Migration

- hematoma formation
- formation of granulation tissue
- reduction and remodeling of scar
- release of histamine

a. Remodeling and Maturation - reduction and remodeling of scar
b. Inflammation - release of histamine
c. Hemostasis and Degeneration - hematoma formation
d. Proliferation and Migration - formation of granulation tissue