SET 1: Key Concepts in Australia's Formal Political System

Origins of Australia's Political System

• Based on the British Westminster system.

• Power evolved from the Crown, Church, Nobility, to working class.

• Australia's system includes Parliament, the Senate, and the House of Reps.

Parliament Structure

• House of Representatives (Lower House): Where government is formed.

• Senate (Upper House): Reviews laws and decisions.

• Parliament = Both houses together.

Members of Parliament

• MP (Member of House of Reps): E.g., Zoe Daniel.

• Senator: Member of the Senate.

• Parliamentarian: Any elected member from either house.

Political Roles

• Government: Group with the majority in lower house.

• Opposition: Biggest group not in power.

• Crossbench: Not in government or opposition.

• Cabinet: PM + senior ministers making top decisions.

Ministers and Party Terms

• Minister: In charge of a policy area.

• Shadow Minister: Opposition version of a minister.

• Portfolio: Area a minister oversees.

• Whip: Organizes voting & strategy.

Laws and Law-Making

• Bill: Proposed law.

• Law (Act): Bill approved by both houses + Governor-General.

• Speaker: Runs the House of Reps.

• President of Senate: Runs the Senate.