Pyruvate Oxidation and Citric Acid Cycle

what is Pyruvate Oxidation and overall goals

Pre-step in the CAC

Goal is to turn Pyruvate into Acetyl CoA

3 steps of pyruvate Oxidation

1. Pyruvate loses a carbon and two oxygens to form CO₂

2. _{Resulting 2-carbon moelcule is then oxidized by giving electrons to NAD+ to make 2 NADH}

3. _{Oxidized 2 -carbon moelcule is combined with a moelcules called Coenzyme A to produce Avetyl CoA}

Citric acid cycle main goal

to continue dismantling pyruvate and harvest electrons from it

Where does the CAC occur

Matrix of mitochondria

Step 1 in citric acid cycle

To produce citrate

Acytyl CoA is stripped of CoA producing a 2 carbon molecule, this molecule is combined with a 4 carbon molecules called Oxaloacetate to produce citrate

Step 2 in the citric acid cycle

Citrate is formed into Aplha-Ketoglutarate

Citrate is oxidized resulting in the generation of NADH and CO₂ to form Aplha-Ketoglutarate

Step 3 in the CAC

Aplha-Ketoglutarate if formed into succinate

CO₂ is removed from Aplha-Ketoglutarate, Aplha-Ketoglutarate is further oxidized and ATP is produced by taking a phosphate out leaving Succinate to be formed

Step 4 of the CAC

Succinate is formed into Fumarate

Succinate is oxidezed by FAD (which turns into FADH₂) and is transformed into Fumarate

Step 5 of the CAC

Fumarate is turned into Malate

H20 is added to fumarate and malate is formed

Step 6 of the CAC

Maltate is formed into Oxaloacetate

Maltate is oxidized by NADH and an etxra H+ is taken out to form Oxaloacetate (which enters the cycle again)

6 Transformations in the CAC

1. Oxaloacetate + (2 carbon thing)

2. Citrate

3. Aplha-Ketoglutarate

4. Succinate

5. Fumarate

6. Malate

7. Oxaloacetate

What is Oxidative Phosphorlaytion

ATP production

Electrons are loaded into NADH and FADH2 are carried to inner mitcondrial membrane to promote oxidative phosphorylation