SOCIOLOGY - FUNCTIONALISM

What are the 5 societal institutions?

family

education

media

government

religion

What is free will?

the ability to make a rational choice about how we act

What is determinism?

our actions are influenced by our environment and social controls that we not always aware of

What is primary socialisation?

the process by which an individual learns the basic values, norms and behavior that are expected by society, takes place during childhood and achieved through the family

What is secondary socialisation?

the process by which an individual learns the basic values, norms and behaviors that are expected by them outside the agency of the family

Who was "functionalism" introduced by?

a french sociologist Emile Durkheim

What did Durkheim explain about society?

Durkheim explained that society is governed by collective norms and values, he was considered to be a structural functionalist

What are norms?

norms are patters of expected behaviors in a given social context, how we are expected to act at a certain time, place or in a social situation. influenced by social class, genders, ethnicity or age

What are values?

values are what we believe to be the correct type of behavior to display in a social context, internal thought processes that influence the behaviors that we show, influenced by social class, gender and ethnicity

What are some societal norms?

-holding eye contact

-women being ladylike

-holding the door

What are some societal values?

-respectful

-tidying up after yourself

-pride of your country

What did Durkheim refer to the distortion of social solidarity?

Anomie

Examples of Anomie

-grenfell

-George Floyd

-Southport stabbings

What is moral regulation?

Humans are selfish, so Durkheim wanted everyone to collectively improve society

What are social facts?

invisible forces that impact behaviorism, they create order and ensure that everyone lives in harmony

What is the positivist approach?

-quantitative data

-the macro approach

-“top down” perspective

-what

What is interpretivism?

-qualitative data

-the micro approach

-“bottom up” perspective

-why

Who was Talcott Parsons?

An american sociologist who built in Durkheim ideas

What was Parsons theory?

Parsons likened society to the human body as social institutions interact the same way as human organs

Parsons believed that society needed GAIL

What does this mean?

1. good attainment

2. adaptation

3. integration

4. latency

What does value consensus mean?

that's a majority of society agree with goals that society sets to show success

What does meritocracy mean?

the belief that everyone has the same opportunity to succeed and be successful