terrorism test 2

3 myths about causes of terrorism

1. poverty is the leading force

2. reducing poverty will reduce terrorism

3. increased economic hardship leads to more extremism

causes of terrorism

1. increased population or pop size

2. repressive government

3. lacks representation, failure of political movements

4. modernization and growth

altruism

strong sense of empathy, think they are helping others

deindividualization

inner restraints are lost when ppl are not seen as individuals

vigilante terrorism

aims to defend a status quo or return to a previous status quo ex. KKK

4 branches of white supremacy terrorism

1. KKK

2. racist skinheads

3. christan identitysects

4. neo-nazi

legal tactics of wst-vigilante

form political parties, organize marches and rallies, developing separatist communities

illegal tactics of wst

bombing abortion clinics, attacking nonmembers, drug distribution, bank robberies, tax evasion

great replacement theory

through migration white people are going to be the minority 

structure of white supremist groups

• connected to isolated individuals (lone wolf)

• leaderless resistence- online network of beliefs 

• network structure influences violent acts like hate crimes

• smaller killings more often

greater jihad

internal struggle every muslim goes through

lesser jihad

defense against external threat (happens less)

Bin ladens goal in globalizing jihad

a clash of civilizations between Islam and zionist of West

revolutionary anti-imperialism

idea that industrial society depended on economic exploitation of developing countries

revolutionary ideology

justified through ends and means

RAF in germany and weatherman in US

came about because of the vietnam war. were revolutionary terrorist

why did the RAF fail

ignored democratic rights

couldn’t mobilize and agree quick enough

violence failed

why would a terrorist group be weak

failure to mobilize people

fear of repression 

limited appeal: majority did not agree

what determines collective action

resources and opportunites

collective rational

ppl relaize their participation is important bc they are part of group. generates standard

costs of terrorism strategy

1. irrelevance if attention is not gained

2. repression

3. death, loss of resources and support

benifits of terrorism strat

1. bring awareness of issue

2. mobilization in response 2 state reaction

3. disrups political structure

4. intimidation to achieve change

Students for a democratic society

split over if violence should be used. Weatherman was more violent, bombings, arson, and destruction. went underground after killing thier own, ppl did not understand them

contagion effect

tactics covered in news were more likly to be copied in future

magnitude effect

more coverage= more attacks

sectarian violence

violence between clashing groups

riots and civil disturbance

protest related violence

violence that occurs between protesters and police

batons

armed conflict

political and paramilitary struggle

shootings, bombings, killing of anyone

nationalist terrorism

one of the most durable forms of terrorism

trying to push the group out that is occupying land… INDEPENDENCE

ex. IRA

Differences between IRA and ETA

Difference in nature

IRA took place in ethnic conflict of 2 groups fighting Britain and paramilitary

ETA fought single enemy in spanish state

Difference 2 between IRA and ETA

Different political and economic situation of ethnic groups

Irish catholics minority and political disc

Basque couny is really rich. Lacked eco goal

How do nationalists gain territory

Peak in violence, then decrease then stability increases

nationalist terrorism is usually

asymentic so when attrition of war doesn’t work groups need to join forces

Bloddy sunday did what for IRA

helped gained them legitimacy and recruits

which type of terrorism can concrete demands be asked

nationalism terrorism

security constrait means what

rate of ppl being arrested = rate of recruits

logic of damage

hurting authorities to point where they withdraw