INEL 15060 Ohm's Law

Coulomb

Measure of a charge

Defined as the charge transferred by a current of 1 amp in one second.

1 coulomb equals how many electrons?

6.25 × 10^18 electrons

Coulomb’s law of electrostatic charges:

The force of electrostatic attraction or repulsion is directly proportional to the product of the 2 charges and inversely proportional to the square and distance between them.

The ampere is equal to:

One coulomb per second

Electron Flow Theory

States that because electrons are negative particles, current flows from negative to positive.

Conventional Current Flow Theory

States that current flows from positive to negative. While the electron flow theory has been established as correct, this theory is still used. For example when current flows to a negative terminal or to ground.

Grounding Conductor

Provides a path for fault currents to safely dissipate into the earth. Ensures that all exposed metal parts are at the same electrical potential as the ground, enhancing safety and system stability.

Neutral Conductor

This type of conductor is essential for completing electrical circuits and maintaining balance in three-phase systems. It typically carries the unbalanced load and provides a return path for current. In many systems, it is often grounded for safety.

Difference between grounding and neutral conductor:

Although both are grounded at the power source, the grounding conductor is not considered to be a circuit conductor because because current will only flow through the grounding conductor when there’s a circuit fault.

Voltage

Defined as the potential difference between 2 points of a conducting wire carrying a constant current of 1 amp here when the power difference between these points is 1 watt.

Potential difference or electromotive force (EMF).

Volt

The amount of potential necessary to cause 1 coulomb to produce 1 joule of work.

Impedance

A measure of opposition that a circuit presents to the flow of alternating current (AC). It combines resistance and reactance, affecting how much current flows for a given voltage. Expressed in ohms, it plays a crucial role in AC circuit analysis, influencing power distribution and signal integrity.

Ohm

Unit of Resistance

Wattage is proportional to:

The amount of voltage and current flow. (P=VxI)

Horsepower

A unit of measurement for power, commonly used to quantify the output of engines or motors. Specifically defined as 550 foot-pounds per second or approximately 746 watts. Often used in automotive contexts to indicate performance.

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree Fahrenheit.

Joule

The SI equivalent of the watt, defined as one newton-meter.

1 joule = 1 wattsecond

1 watt = 1 joule/s

Ohm’s law in simplest form:

It takes one volt to push 1 ampere through 1 ohm.

In a DC circuit the current is directly proportional to?

The voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.