ucla phleb session 1

To renew a state phlebotomy license, — continuing educations (CEs) must be completed every — years.

6 CEs, 2 years

Licensed phlebotomy technician (LPT) is allowed to perform…

Skin puncture

Certified phlebotomy technician I (CPT-I) is allowed to perform…

Skin puncture and venipuncture

Certified phlebotomy technician II (CPT-II) is allowed to perform…

Skin puncture, venipuncture, and arterial puncture

What kind of procedure involves blood collection via needle insertion into the vein?

Venipuncture

What kind of procedure involves blood collection via lancet insertion into the skin?

Capillary puncture

When one state recognizes the licensure granted by another state that is called?

Reciprocity

When did phlebotomy begin and for what reason?

Began in the stone age to remove evil spirits

Who discovered circulation in the 17th century?

William Harvey

On the barber-surgeon pole, what does the pole symbolize?

Rod squeezed by patient to promote bleeding

On the barber-surgeon pole, what does the red stripe symbolize?

Blood

On the barber-surgeon pole, what does the white stripe symbolize?

Bandages

The clinical lab scientist/medical lab scientist (CLS/MLS) requires how many years of education?

4 years of program and 1 year of internship

The medical lab technician (MLT) requires how many years of education?

2 years of program

What is the largest and most automated clincal laboratory department?

Chemistry

Which department detects and measures chemical substances in the body?

Chemistry

What tests does the chemistry department perform?

Electrolytes (lytes), lipid profile, and glucose

Which department discovers, identifies, and monitors defects in blood and blood forming tissues?

Hematology

What tests does the hematology department perform?

CBC; complete blood count and ESR; erythrocite sedimentation rate

Which department discovers, identifies, and monitors defects in blood clotting mechanisms?

Coagulation

What tests does the coagulation department perform?

PT; prothrombin time and APTT; activated partial thromboplastin time

Which department studies serum and the immune system?

Serology/Immunology

What tests does the serology/immunology department perform?

HIV, RPR; rapid plasma reagin, RF; rheumatoid factor

What test identifies antigen-antibody response of the body to infections?

Serology test

What test tests for immune system response problems?

Immunology test

What are the 3 components of urinanalysis?

Chemical, physical, microscopic

What test does the urinanalysis department perform?

Clean catch specimen

Which department analyzes for the presence of microorganisms?

Microbiology

What test does the microbiology department perform?

C&S; culture and sensitivity

What is the purpose of C&S tests?

Identify microorganisms and the antibiotic most effective for treatment

Which department performs blood typing and antibody tests?

Blood bank

True or false. It is crucial for the blood bank to make no mistakes.

True

Which department evaluates tissue samples for pathology?

Histology

Which department identifies, counts, and studies cells to diagnose malignant and premalignant conditions?

Cytology

Which regulatory organization establishes the gold standard and is made of volunteer representatives?

CLSI; Clincal Laboratory Standards Institute

Which regulatory organization provides laboratory accreditation and proficiency testing?

CAP; College of American Pathologists

Which regulatory organization is an accrediting agency and performs inspections every 2 years?

TJC; The Joint Commission

Which regulatory organizations work together?

CAP and TJC

What states specific guidelines for quality control and personnel qualifications to regulate all labs?

CLIA; Clincal Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988

What is 8AM, 1PM, 5:30PM in military time?

0800, 1300, 1730

What 3 things should never be done for specimen labeling?

Never label container prior to obtaining speciemen.

Never leave the room/bedside before labeling the container.

Never collect specimen from a patient without a ID band.

What is the primary goal of the infection control program?

To reduce the risk of endemic and epidemic infections in patients, peronnel, and visitors

What does pathogen mean?

Disease causing

What color is a negative gram stain signifying a thin cell wall?

Pink

What color is a positive gram stain signifying a thick cell wall?

Purple

What specimen and time of day is ideal to test for mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Sputum collected early in the morning

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is collected where?

Spinal cord

Synovial fluid is collected where?

Cavities of joints such as the knees, hips, shoulders, and fingers

Pleural fluid is collected where?

Lungs

Pericardial fluid is collected where?

Heart

What is an infection acquired after a person has entered a hospital, clinic, nursing home or rehab facility called?

Nosocomial infection or HAI; healthcare associated infection

What is the most common nosocomial infection?

Catheter associated UTI (CAUTI)

What is engineering control?

Controls that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogen hazard

What is the donning process?

Wash hands → Gown → Mask → Goggles → Gloves

What is the doffing process?

Gloves → Gown → Goggles → Mask → Wash hands

How often must gloves be changed?

After every patient or every 30 minutes of non-patient contact

What ratio solution is used to disinfect surfaces?

1:10 sodium hypochlorite/bleach and water

What 3 characteristics must the container have to be qualified as a sharp container?

Biohazard symbol, leak proof, and puncture resistant

What happens when there is a missing link in the chain of infection?

Infection does not occur

The elderly, newborn, acute/chronically ill, immune suppressed, and unvaccinated are considered a part of what group?

Susceptible hosts

Contact isolation requires what kind of protective material?

Gloves and gown

Droplet isolation requires what kind of protective material?

Gloves, gown, and surgical mask

A droplet >5 micrometers is droplet or airborne?

Droplet

A droplet that is <5 micrometers is droplet or airborne?

Airborne

Patients with intestinal infections

Enteric isolation requires what kind of protective material?

Gloves and gown

Protective or reverse/neutropenic isolation requires what kind of protective material?

Sterile gloves

Which organization mandates and enforces safe working conditions?

OSHA

True or false. You can use your hands to remove broken glass.

False. Use a dust pan

When should the sharps container be replaced?

When it is 2/3 full

True or false. PPE is only used in the lab or patient’s room.

True

What is the role of NIOSH?

Conducts research and makes recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness

OSHA’s bloodborne pathogen standards are designed for what purpose?

To reduce the risk of medical employees’ exposure to infectious diseases

What vaccination is given to medical employees at no cost provided by OSHA’s bloodborne pathogen standards?

Hepatitis B vaccine