Cybersecurity Flashcards

Key terms and definitions

Social Engineering

tricking a person into giving up sensitive information or access to sensitive data.

Penetration Testing

professional and ethical hacking used to spot vulnerabilities and patch them before attackers can take advantage of it.

Topology

defines how devices connect with each other (physical) and how that data flows (logical)

Network Operating Systems (NOS)

specialised software used to control how devices and users can interact over a network whether through file sharing, web and app services and other network resources.

Firewalls

security systems designed to monitor incoming and outgoing network traffic

Two factor authentication

verifying through a secondary method to prove a user is legitimate and increase security

Data Encryption

data converted into a coded format that can only be understood and decoded by authorised devices or applications

Protocols

industry standard rules and layouts that define how devices, software, and applications communicate reliably

Standards

industry standard rules and guidelines to ensure compatibility between devices from different manufacturers

Domain Name System (DNS)

converts human readable names, like websites into IP addresses that computers can understand and process.

Data packets

small chunks of data sent over a network and then reassembled at the destination