main group - group 16

Flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture on inorganic chemistry focusing on Group 16 elements.

What is the group electronic configuration for Group 16 elements?

ns2np4

What oxidation state is commonly associated with Oxygen?

-2

What is the most common allotrope of oxygen?

O2

Which element in Group 16 is the only gas under standard conditions?

Oxygen

What is the role of ozone (O3) in the atmosphere?

It protects from UV radiation.

What process produces sulfur from hydrogen sulfide?

The Clauss process.

How many allotropes does sulfur form?

A large number due to catenation.

What is the reaction that forms sulfur trioxide (SO3)?

2SO2(g) + O2 -> 2SO3(g) with a catalyst.

What is the bond strength of O-O compared to S-S?

S-S bonds are much stronger (265 kJ mol-1) than O-O bonds (146 kJ mol-1).

What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in water?

It leads to high boiling and melting points.

What is the formula for Hydrogen Peroxide?

H2O2

What two main oxides does sulfur form?

SO2 and SO3.

What is the main use of sulfuric acid?

In the production of fertilizers, soaps, and paints.

What are the properties of water compared to other Group 16 hydrides?

Water is not a poisonous gas and has high melting and boiling points.

What happens during the combustion of hydrocarbons with oxygen?

It releases energy, averaging 460 kJ per mole of oxygen.

What materials are made from metal chalcogenides?

They are used in fuel cells, solar cells, and Li-ion batteries.