Midterm Review Packet - Unit 1 Origins

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Midterm Review Packet for Unit 1: Origins, focusing on civilizations, cultures, and advancements associated with the Neolithic period through to classical times.

Neolithic

The final stage of cultural evolution or technological development among prehistoric humans, characterized by the development of agriculture.

Mesopotamia

An ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, often referred to as the cradle of civilization.

Pharaoh

The title used for ancient Egyptian rulers who were considered gods on earth.

Cuneiform

The world's first system of writing, developed by the Sumerians around 3200 BCE.

Agriculture

The practice of farming, including the cultivation of the soil for growing crops and the rearing of animals.

Patriarchy

A social system in which men hold primary power, dominating in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.

Theocracy

A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

Hammurabi's Code

One of the earliest and most complete written legal codes, established by King Hammurabi of Babylon.

Polytheism

The belief in or worship of multiple gods.

Dynasty

A sequence of rulers from the same family lineage.

Irrigation

The artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops.

Hinduism

A major world religion originating from India, characterized by a variety of beliefs and practices.

Silk Road

A historic trade route that connected the East and West, facilitating not just the trade of goods, but also ideas and culture.

Warring States Period

A period in ancient China characterized by incessant warfare among states vying for control.

Sharia Law

Islamic legal system derived from the Quran and Hadith.

Feudalism

A social system in which land was owned by lords who allowed peasants to work it in return for military protection.

Caste System

A hierarchical social structure in India that divides people into different groups based on their occupation and social status.

Cultural Diffusion

The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.

Confucianism

A philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Confucius, emphasizing moral integrity and social harmony.

Aesthetic

Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty, as well as the principles underlying art and design.

Golden Age

A period during which a society or culture achieves significant progress in thought, arts, or sciences.