O-I-A-N Anterior Hip and Gluteal Muscles

PT605 Anatomy, Oregon Tech

Origin of Psoas Minor

Vertebral bodies of T12-L1, IV disc of T12-L1.

Insertion of Psoas Minor

Iliopubic eminence.

Actions of Psoas Minor

Trunk flexion, ipsilateral sidebending, contralateral rotation, (posterior pelvic tilt).

Nerve Supply of Psoas Minor

Spinal nerve VPR L1

Origin of Psoas Major

Vertebral bodies T12-L5, IV discs of L1-L5, transverse processes pf L1-L5.

Insertion of Psoas Major

Lesser trochanter.

Actions of Psoas Major

Hip flexion, external rotation.

Trunk flexion, ipsilateral sidebending, contralateral rotation.

Nerve Supply of Psoas Major

Spinal nerves VPR L2, L3

Origin of Iliacus

Iliac fossa.

Insertion of Iliacus

Lesser trochanter.

Actions of Iliacus

Hip flexion, external rotation, (anterior pelvic tilt).

Nerve Supply of Iliacus

Femoral nerve L2, L3

Origin of Tensor Fascia Latae

External lip of the iliac crest from ASIS to iliac tubercle.

Insertion of Tensor Fascia Latae

Anterior border of the iliotibial band, lateral border of patella, and Gerdy’s tubercle on tibia.

Actions of Tensor Fascia Latae

Hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation, straightens pull of gluteus maximus on the ITB, stabilizes knee during gait.

Nerve Supply of Tensor Fascia Latae

Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1

Origin of Gluteus Minimus

Lateral surface of the ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines.

Insertion of Gluteus Minimus

Anterior surface of greater trochanter.

Actions of Gluteus Minimus

Hip abduction, internal rotation, keeps pelvis level during gait.

Nerve Supply of Gluteal Minimus

Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1

Origin of Gluteus Medius

Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines.

Insertion of Gluteus Medius

Lateral surface of greater trochanter.

Actions of Gluteus Medius

Hip abduction, internal rotation, and keeps pelvis level during gait.

Nerve Supply of Gluteus Medius

Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1

Origin of Gluteus Maximus

Posterior gluteal line of ilium to iliac crest, dorsal surface of lateral sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament.

Insertion of Gluteus Maximus

Upper ¾ Fibers: Posterior border of ITB to Gerdy’s tubercle.

Lower ¼ Fibers: Gluteal tuberosity.

Actions of Gluteus Maximus

Hip extension, abduction, external rotation, knee extension, knee external rotation.

Nerve Supply of Gluteus Maximus

Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2

Insertion of Piriformis

Summit of greater trochanter.

Actions of Piriformis

Hip ER (below 90° hip flexion), Hip IR (above 90° hip flexion), hip abduction, horizontal abduction, and holds head of femur in acetabulum (HHFA).

Nerve Supply of Piriformis

Nerve to piriformis S1, S2

Origin of Obturator Internus

Posterior margins of obturator foramen, posterior surface of obturator membrane.

Origin of Obturator Externus

Anterior margins of obturator foramen, anterior surface of obturator membrane.

Insertion of Obturator Externus

Trochanteric fossa.

Actions of Obturator Externus

Hip external rotation, horizontal abduction, HHFA.

Nerve Supply of Obturator Externus

Obturator nerve (posterior branch) L3, L4

Insertion of Obturator Internus

Superior-medial aspect of greater trochanter.

Actions of Obturator Internus

Hip external rotation, horizontal abduction, HHFA.

Nerve Supply of Obturator Internus

Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemullus L5, S1, S2

Origin of Superior Gemellus

Superior surface of ischial spine.

Insertion of Superior Gemellus

Superior border of obturator internus tendon.

Actions of Superior Gemellus

Hip external rotation, horizontal abduction, HHFA.

Nerve Supply of Superior Gemellus

Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus L5, S1, S2

Origin of Inferior Gemellus

Inferior surface of ischial spine.

Insertion of Inferior Gemellus

Inferior border of obturator internus tendon.

Actions of Inferior Gemellus

Hip external rotation, horizontal abduction, HHFA.

Nerve Supply of Inferior Gemellus

Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus L4, L5, S1

Origin of Quadratus Femoris

Lateral side of ischium just anterior to ischial tuberosity.

Insertion of Quadratus Femoris

Quadrate tubercle of femur.

Actions of Quadratus Femoris

Hip external rotation, hip adduction, HHFA.

Nerve Supply of Quadratus Femoris

Nerve to Quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus L4, L5, S1