Lab Ch 1

Anatomical Position

universally accepted standard position

* body is erect, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, arms hanging at sides with palms facing forward

Define Plane

an imaginary surface or line that is made through a section of the body

Frontal/coronal

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Sagittal

Divides the body into right and left parts

* If right down middle of body, it is called midsagittal

Transverse

Runs horizontally dividing body into superior and inferior parts

* sections are commonly called cross sections

Anterior/Ventral

Front/Belly Side

* in 4 legged animals, Ventral and Dorsal is synonymous with Superior and Inferior

Posterior/Dorsal

Back/Backside

* in 4 legged animals, Ventral and Dorsal is synonymous with Superior and Inferior

Distal

Further from the trunk or point of attachment

Proximal

Nearer the trunk or attached end

Medial

Toward the midline

Lateral

Away from the midline or median plane

Superior

above

Inferior

below

Cranial Cavity organs

brain

Vertebral Cavity organs

spinal cord

Thoracic Cavity organs

heart and lungs

Abdominal Cavity organs

digestive organs : stomach

pancreas, liver, spleen

Pelvic Cavity organs

urinary bladder, rectum, reproductive organs

Mediastinum organs

heart, trachea, esophagus

Abdominopelvic Region : Spleen

Left hypochondriac region, LUQ

Abdominopelvic Region : Urinary Bladder

Hypogastric (pubic) region

Abdominopelvic Region : Stomach (largest portion)

Epigastric region

Abdominopelvic Region : Cecum

Right Inguinal (Iliac) region, RLQ

Explain how serous membranes protect organs form infection

The serous membranes compartmentalize the various organs to prevent infection in one organ from spreading to others

Which serous membrane/s is/are found in the thoracic cavity?

Pericardial = Heart and Pleural = Lungs

Which serous membrane is found in the abdominopelvic cavity?

Peritoneum

Middle Ear Cavity

Houses three tiny bones involved in hearing

Nasal Cavity

Contained within the nose

Oral Cavity

Contains the tongue

Orbital Cavity

Holds the eye in an anterior-facing position

Synovial Cavity

Surrounds a joint