MGMT Unit 1

Organizational Behavior

field of study devoted to understanding, explaining, and improving individual and group attitudes/behaviors in organizations

Human Resources

application of Organizational Behavior principles

Data, metrics, and relentless performance tracking (amazon)

high accountability, but also burnout and internal competition

Small, cross-functional squads (Spotify)

collaboration, psychological ownership, and rapid iteration

High performance expectations and candid feedback (Netflix)

“we don’t hold on to people who don’t pull their weight”

Microsoft under CEO Nadella

• Cultural transformation from competition → collaboration

• Psychological safety

• Organizational Changes at Microsoft - Growth mindset (inspired by Carol Dweck)

• Redesigning performance reviews for teamwork and learning

Organizational Behavior importance

• Resource-based view of the firm (valuable, rare, inimitable resources)

• Human capital as a source of competitive advantage

• Research evidence: IPO survival study (firms valuing OB had 19% higher survival rate)

• Link to profitability, job performance, and employee outcomes

Methods of Knowing about Organizational Behavior

• Experience

• Intuition

• Authority

• Science

r value

correlation coefficient

1

strongest correlation value

Meta-Analysis

combining results of multiple studies for reliability

ex.) employee engagement and job performance (average correlation +.45)

Importance of Meta-Analysis

evidence-based management

Correlation

does not prove causation

Conditions for causation

• statistically significant relationship

• causes precedes effect

  • rule out alternative explanations (aka confounding variables)

Evidence-Based Management

using scientific findings to guide management decisions

job performance

effectively fulfilling responsibilities; goals, feedback, evaluation, recognition)

modern performance management

alignment, continuous feedback, data/analytics

routine task performance

predictable response (ex. fast food worker)

adaptive task performance

novel/unpredictable demands (ex. flight attendant)

creative task performance

novel +useful ideas/products

O*NET

government website that is a resource

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)

voluntary employee actions that go beyond formal job requirements and contribute to overall organization effectiveness

• voice, virtue, boosterism

Interpersonal OCB

helping, courtesy, sportsmanship

Organizational OCB

voice, civic virtue, boosterism

property deviance

sabotage, theft

production deviance

wasting resources, substance abuse, purposefully interrupting work flow

political deviance

gossiping, incivility

personal aggression

harassment, abuse

24%, 4.5

percent of worker overreport hours they work, with an average of ____ hours per week of stolen time

knowledge work

cognitive tasks, remote/flexibility, monitoring challenges

service work

customer interaction; need for high OCB/low OCB

gig work

short term/freelance; prevalence

AI Superagency

AI amplifying human capability

Management by Objectives

goal setting, time frames, evaluation; (85% satisfaction goal example)

360-Degree Feedback