Terminologies Neurocognitive and Eating Disorders Flashcards

Flashcards for Personality, Neurocognitive and Eating Disorders

Personality, neurocognitive and eating disorders

Difficulty in perceiving, relating to, and thinking about self, others, and the environment.

Acrocyanosis

Bluish or purple coloring of hands and feet caused by slow blood circulation

Agnosia

Inability to interpret sensations and hence to recognize things, typically as a result of brain damage.

Anomia

A problem with word finding. Impaired recall of words with no impairment of comprehension or the capacity to repeat the words

Aphasia

Deterioration of language functions

Apraxia

Loss of ability to perform purposeful activities despite intact motor abilities

Amnestic Disorder

A disturbance in memory due to general medical conditions or substance effects

Anorexia

Lack or loss of appetite

Anorexia nervosa

An emotional disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat

Assertiveness

A response that seeks to maintain an appropriate balance between passivity and aggression

Assertiveness training

A form of behavior therapy designed to help people stand up for themselves—to empower themselves, in more contemporary terms.

Alzheimer's disease

An irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks.

Biofeedback

Designed to help the sufferer recognize when they are not relaxed

Bulimia nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating at least twice a week for 3 months.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

CBT challenges sufferers to rethink their beliefs and behaviors in order to bring about positive change.

Confabulation

Filling up gaps of memories

Cortisol

Body's main stress hormone and serve a as nature's built-in alarm system.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

A degenerative brain disorder that leads to dementia and, ultimately, death

Decatastrophizing

Techniques that involves learning to assess situations realistically rather than assuming a catastrophe will happen

Delirium

A disturbance of consciousness and cognitive abilities that develops rapidly over a short period of time

Dementia

A cognitive deficits primarily memory impairment that develops gradually

Distraction

Rechanneling client’s attention and energy to a more neutral topic.

Echolalia

Meaningless repetition of another person's spoken words as a symptom of psychiatric disorder.

Ego syntonic

Refers to instincts or ideas that are acceptable to the self; that are compatible with one's values and ways of thinking

Ego-dystonic

Refers to thoughts, impulses, and behaviors that are felt to be repugnant, distressing, unacceptable or inconsistent with one's self-concept

Executive function

Self-regulated skills of the mental processes that enable a person to plan, focus attention, remember instructions, and juggle multiple tasks.

Gender Role

Behaviors or roles that result in our becoming men and women

Going along

Providing emotional reassurance to clients without correcting their misperception or delusion

Heterosexuality

Sexual attraction between man and woman.

Homosexuality

Sexual attraction members of one’s own sex

Huntington's disease

A rare, inherited disease that causes the progressive breakdown (degeneration) of nerve cells in the brain

Korsakoff Syndrome

An alcohol induced amnestic disorder that results from a chronic thiamine or Vit. B deficiency

Neurocognitive disorders

A general term that describes decreased mental function due to a medical disease other than a psychiatric illness

Orthorexia nervosa

Obsession with eating only “clean, healthy, pure” foods to achieve “ideal” health.

Parkinson's disease

A progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement

Perimyolysis

Decalcification of the teeth from exposure to gastric acid in people with chronic vomiting

Period

Time it takes to complete the sleep wake cycle

Personality

The complex of all attributes of an individual: behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental that characterize a person to be unique human being

Personality traits

Patterns of behaving, thinking, perceiving, and relating

Pick's disease (FTD, frontotemporal dementia)

Is a specific pathology that is one of the causes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Polysomnography

Measure the physiologic changes of sleep-wake cycle

Positive self-talk

Therapeutic approach by reframing negative thoughts to positive thoughts.

Reframing

Offering explanations for events or situations

Relaxation therapy

Sufferers of insomnia disorder are often highly aroused - relaxation therapy may help deactivate the arousal system through techniques like imagery training and progressive muscle relaxation.

Reminiscence Therapy

A treatment that uses all the senses — sight, touch, taste, smell and sound to help individuals with dementia remember events, people and places from their past lives

Role play

An educational tool that is used to visualize and practice different ways of handling a situation

Self-reliance

Having confidence in and exercising one's own powers or judgment.

Splitting

Extreme idealization and devaluation

Thought stopping

Technique to alter the process of negative or self-critical thought patterns (shout “STOP”)

Time away

Involves leaving the client for a short period and then returning to them to re-engage in interaction

Vascular dementia

A general term describing problems with reasoning, planning, judgment, memory and other thought processes caused by brain damage from impaired blood flow to your brain.