Anatomy 338 UW Madison Exam #1

anatomical position

anteroposterior axis

transverse axis

site of muscle attachment

tuberosity, crest, trochanter, line, tubercle, spine, epicondyle, process

articular surface

head, facet, condyle

depressions, openings, passage ways

foramen, groove, sulcus, fissure, notch, fossa, meatus, sinus

cervical region

C1-C7 (neck)

thoracic region

T1-T12, lateral horn, grey matter is thinner

lumbar region

L1-L5, big rounded butterfly of grey matter. only region w/ lateral horn

sacral region

S1-S5

cervical enlargement

info going to arms

lumbar enlargement

supplies lower limbs

conus medullaris

inferior end of spinal cord

cauda equina

"horse tail" bundle of nerves at end of spinal cord

meninges

layers of tissue surrounding spinal cord

PAD

pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater

dura mater

tough outer layer of the meninges

arachnoid mater

thin, transparent layer, middle layer of the meninges

pia mater

Innermost layer of the meninges

- denticulate ligament

- filum terminale

filum terminale

denticulate mater

"shark tooth", more cervical/top bcs more movement

white matter

less and less moving down the spinal cord

central canal

dorsal root ganglion

spinal cord levels cross-sections

lateral root only is thoracic regions

dorsal root and rootlets

spinal nerves

dorsal rami

rectus abdominus

abs

internal oblique

"hand to your heart"

external oblique

"hands in your pockets"

transverse abdominis

compresses abdomen, "corset", core stability, deep to rectus abdominus

erector spinae

"erects spine" - good/bad posture

- iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

spinalis

directly touching spine

longissimus

longest

iliocostalis

true ribs

1-7

false ribs

last 5 pairs of ribs

floating ribs

last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum

costal cartilage

connects ribs to sternum

costal facet of the transverse process

Provides articulation of tubercles of ribs

head of rib

sternum

chest bone

Manubrium of sternum

body of sternum

xiphoid process

sternal angle

suprasternal notch

clavicular notch

spinous process

transverse process

superior articular process

horns of giraffe"

superior articular facet

vertebral foramen

body of spine

cervical vertebrae

"smiley"

thoracic vertebrae

"giraffe"

lumbar vertebrae

"moose"

transverse foramen

atlas vertebrae

"t before x"

First vertebrae of neck that attaches to skull and forms beginning of the neck.

anterior arch

posterior arch

axis of vertebrae

"t before x"

The second bone of the spinal column identified as C2.

dens

part of axis

sacrum

5 fused vertebrae

coccyx

intervertebral discs

anterior longitudinal ligament

posterior longitudinal ligament

internal intercostal

forced exhalation

external intercostal

forced inspiration

Serratus Posterior Inferior

depresses ribs

serratus posterior superior

diaphragm

moves downward when you inhale increasing volume of chest cavity

phrenic nerve

innervates the diaphragm

trachea

windpipe

- carina & trachealis muscle

carina

trachealis muscle

bronchi

lungs

right bigger than left, 3:2 lobes

alveoli

air sacs in the lungs

oblique fissure

separates superior and inferior lobes

superior lobe

middle lobe

inferior lobe

hilum

aorta

Largest artery in the body

ascending aorta

aortic arch

descending aorta

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

pulmonary trunk

right & left pulmonary arteries

big ass hole in hilum

pulmonary vein

atria

pulmonary trunk

auricle

useless flabs

ventricles

right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve

left atrioventricular (bicuspid, mitral) valve