BIS2B Lab Practical

species richness

amount of species present

species eveness

the abundance of a species

Transect sampling

measures diversity by putting a line through a habitat

Quadrat sampling

measuring diversity by dividing an area into rectangles

D=(pi^-pi)

Diversity index

autotrophs

make their own food

heterotrophs

rely on others

chemoautotrophy

break apart bonds in substances & using CO2

extracellular digestion

enzymes break down food

intracellular digestion

food is absorbed into cells

More pigment

more absorption of different wavelengths of light for photosynthesis

Adaption

involve evolutionary changes that happen over generation

Acclimation

occurs within a single organisms’ lifetime

More CO2

More acidic

Low SA/V ratio

Can retain heat by reducing water loss

Density independent

when growth is not affected by population density. Resources are infinite.

Density dependent

number of individuals do impact growth of population. Resources are limited.

T-test

helps account for variation & can help determine if averages are truly different

Finite rate of increase

Measure of growth rate w/o knowing birth or death rates

N(t)=N(t+1) + B-D

Equation representing how populations change overtime

intramorph competition

occurs between organisms of same phenotype

intermorph competition

occurs when one morph competes w/ another w/ a different phenotype

continuous trait

multiple genes impact single phenotype

phenotypic plasticity

organisms slightly changes its trait to best fit the habitat

Meiosis

chromosomes cross over where alleles recombine into new combinations within gametes

independent assortment

genes are separated randomly among gametes

discrete trait

trait result of one gene

quantitive trait

trait result of multiple genes

modular plant

organisms benefit by copying their feeding unit many times

r selected

extreme growth rate, early successional

K selected

carrying capacity, late successional

hybrid inviability

hybrid offspring fail to develop early

hybrid sterility

hybrid offspring are viable but sterile/infertile

hybrid breakdown

first gen hybrids are fertile & viable but their offspring are sterile

higher than df

reject null hypothesis