BIO 221 Lecture 36

An infection of B cells that causes swollen lymph nodes, is transmitted in saliva and can be detected
by the presence of heterophile antibodies

Mononucleosis

Which of the following statements about malaria is NOT correct.
A. It is a sporozoal disease transmitted by mosquito bite.
B. The most serious form can recur periodically for many years.
C. An important part of its life cycle must occur in the gut of the mosquito.
D. Acute symptoms (chills, fever, sweat) are caused by lysis of red blood cells.
E. Chronic infections can result in liver damage because a form of the parasite infects
liver cells

The most serious form can recur periodically for many years

A foodborne pathogen that usually causes meningitis in infants and the elderly

Listeria

A malaria vaccine would most likely target which form of the pathogen?

The sporozoite, since it is the form that first enters the patient

A patient with suspected mononucleosis goes to a health clinic, where a healthcare worker performs
a mono-spot test, also called a heterophile antibody test. If the test is positive, the patient is making
antibodies against . .

Ox red blood cells

Has a latent form in B cells, causing B cell proliferation and heterophile antibody productio

Epstein Barr Virus

Zoonosis spread by mosquito bites from birds.
Mosquitoes cannot spread it between humans. Fatalities
may occur from brain inflammation

West Nile VIrus

What form of the malaria parasite is NOT found in
human red blood cells?

Sporozoites

a child was bitten by a dog. The dog was watched for 10 days, and when no symptoms developed
was released. A month later the dog died of rabies. What should be done?

Nothing. The child is not at risk for rabies

Jim has been diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis and advised to rest for several weeks.
What is the danger if he ignores this advice?

Because mono triggers lymphoid cell division, Jim could rupture his enlarged spleen

Which form of the malaria parasite has enough exposure to human blood serum to make it the
target of a potentially successful vaccine?

Sporozoite

A baby is brought to the emergency room with extreme muscle weakness, unable to even hold her
head up. This has developed over the course of a few days. Her family was in the habit of using honey
rather than sugar as a sweetener. What would a physician expect to find

Clostridial colonization of the baby’s intestine

A vaccine must almost always be given before a patient becomes infected. But the rabies vaccine
is an exception, that is usually administered after infection. Why is it still effective

There is a long incubation period while the virus is traveling to the brain

At right is an abbreviated representation of the malaria life cycle.
The new malaria vaccine RTS,S was developed against which form of
the parasite.

The sporozoite, since it is the form that first enters the patients

An important disease in dogs and cattle, transmitted in semen and via
contaminated placental residues, this organism can also cause a human illness characterized by periodic
high fevers

Brucella

A patient develops a sore throat with swollen lymph nodes. A precipitin test is carried
out using the patient's serum (at C), proteins from a goat (at A), and proteins from
Streptococcus (at B). The result is shown at the right. How do you explain the result?

The patient’s B cells are infected with a transforming virus like Epstein-Barr virus

A person who is bitten by a potentially rabid animal is still given a rabies vaccine, even though she
may have already been exposed to the rabies virus. Why is this done?

It takes a long time for this virus to be transported to cells in which it can replicate

You're working in a dog rescue shelter. One of the dogs you brought in last month was pregnant,
and lost her litter of puppies. She has been diagnosed with Brucellosis. What would you tell your
coworkers about this?

This will be a big problem. You should test all dogs, and neuter and isolate infected ones

A person who is suffering from infectious mononucleosis ("Mono") is susceptible to other
infections. Why?

The mono virus infects his B cells, reducing his ability to produce useful antibodies

Which of the forms of the malaria parasite is NOT found in human hosts?

A. Ookinete
B. Sporozoite
C. Schizont
D. Trophozoite
E. Merozoite

Ookinete

What actually causes the symptoms associated with malaria?

The parasite multiples in RBC, lysing them and causing cytokine-induced fever

A recall warning was put out by a Massachusetts dairy in 2010 about milk potentially contaminated
with a facultative psychrophile that is a concern in dairy products and processed meats. Why is this
such a serious infection?

It can cause stillbirths and meningitis

What is the main way by which infants get the disease caused by Clostridium botulinum?

By exposure to C. botulinum before the infant has acquired a Native Flora

swollen lymph nodes, orders to avoid exercise, production of diagnostic antibodies and fatigue are
all familiar to someone who has had Mono. All of these are caused by .

proliferation of B cells that have been infected by the virus

Two viruses that undergo both retrograde and anterograde neuronal transport are . .

Rabies and Varicellla Zoster VIrus

Which of the following is NOT associated with infection by Epstein-Barr Virus?
A. Tumor formation
B. Swollen throat with pus
C. Production of random antibodies
D. Immunocompromised status because of B cell lysis
E. Swollen salivary glands and testes or ovaries

Swollen salivary glands and testes or ovaries

West Nile Virus affects what organ(s)?

Brain

Which of the following best reflects the life cycle of the malaria parasite, starting with the form of
the parasite that infects humans?

A moderately successful Malaria vaccine was introduced in 2011. It targets the only form of the
Malaria parasite that is found free in the blood. This form is the . .

Sporozoite

The symptoms of Malaria include headache, fever, chills and sweats. They are caused when . .

the merozoites lyse RBC