Zahin, Nailah- APWH Unit 6 Flashcards

Social Darwinism 6.1

Social Darwinists believe in “survival of the fittest”—the idea that certain people become powerful in society because they are innately better.

1) Social Darwinism justified European Imperialism by allowing them to believe their superiority in the human race

Belgian Congo 6.2

The Belgian Congo was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960.

2) State power during the Scramble for Africa shifted from the African leaders to European imperialism at the justification of social darwinism

Berlin Conference 6.2

The Berlin Conference marked the climax of the European competition for territory in Africa, a process commonly known as the Scramble for Africa.

2) The Berlin Conference shifted power from the African state into the divided and competitive hands of Western powers

Settler Colonies 6.2

Settler colonialism is a type of colonialism in which foreign settlers move to and permanently reside on land already inhabited by Indigenous residents

2) Settler colonies are a type of imperialism in which power of a state goes from those of native residents to the foreign powers

Suez Canal 6.2

The Suez Canal is a man-made waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea

2) The Suez canal, previously used by Asian countries for passage, was conquered by the British and shifted a large economical advantage into European control.

Boxer Rebellion 6.3

The Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against foreigners that occurred in China begun by peasants but eventually supported by the government.

3) The Boxer rebellion led to a weakened state of the Qing Dynasty and led to the end of the dynastic cycle with the Republic of China being developed.

Creation of Zulu Kingdom 6.3

Military campaigns resulted in widespread violence and displacement, and after defeating competing armies and assimilating their people, Shaka established his Zulu nation.

3) Internal rebellions in the african kingdoms influenced state building by the creation of the zulu kingdom through migrations of tribes and local leaders

Indian Rebellion of 1857 6.3

Indian Mutiny, also called Sepoy Mutiny was a widespread but unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India led by the Sepoy peasants.

3) The Sepoy rebellion led to European state building with external conflicts to imperialism with the shift from indirect to direct control of the political state of India

Tupac Amaru Rebellion in Peru 6.3

The Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II was an uprising by mestizo rebels aimed at overthrowing Spanish colonial rule in Peru.

3) The natives’ rebellions on Spanish imperialism led to a colonial standpoint of future rebellions and reshaped colonial Peru for the indigenous community

Xhosa Cattle Killing Movement 6.3

the Xhosa, a South African people, slaughtered roughly four hundred thousand of their own cattle to drive out British imperialist powers in the kingdom

3) Xhosa cattle killing both internally and externally destroyed the Xhosa kingdom through deaths and famine after the rebellion and destruction of stable nourishment.

Export Economy 6.4

Exporting is the practice of producing a good or service in one country and selling it to consumers in another country

4) Environmental factors such as the proximity to natural resources and water passages allowed for the accessible cross country exportation system

Economic Imperialism 6.5

Economic imperialism is using economic means to influence or control a foreign country or territory

5) Economic imperialism including the transnational corporations grew the global economy by expanding the market for exportations and manufacturing

Opium Wars 6.5

The Opium Wars were two conflicts waged between China and Western powers during the mid-19th century over the illegal selling of British imported Opium in China’s economy.

5) The Opium Wars contributed to the global economy by providing a further method of British economic imperialism and trade market

Chinese and Indian Indentured Servitude 6.6

The Indian and Chinese indenture system transported millions of Indians and Chinese to various colonies of European powers to serve as an intensive work force.

6) While the plantation economy grew and the need for raw materials progressed, indentured servitude was used to sustain the agriculture

Migrant Workers 6.6

A migrant worker is a person who migrates within a home country or outside it to pursue work

7) Migrant workers were required in parts of the industrialist world and led to large waves migration to sustain the economy of manufacturing and exportations

Chinese Exclusion Act 6.7

The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States law prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years.

8) Migration affected the society of receiving societies as citizens were threatened by the foreign presence and the availability of jobs and resources

Ethnic Enclave 6.7

An ethnic enclave is an area with high ethnic concentration and groups of similar cultures in a secluded area

8) Ethnic enclaves included groups of people that remained and spread their culture, creating many syncretic foods and social groups

White Australia Policy 6.7

The White Australia policy is a term encapsulating a set of historical policies that aimed to forbid people of non-European ethnic origin from immigrating into Australia.

8) Migrations affected the receiving societies and promoted anti-immigration acts and increased acts of racism toward non-white groups of people