MLT 111 Chapter 4

All of the following are endogenous clearance test substances EXCEPT:

Inulin

Beta2 microglobulin

Creatinine

Urea

Inulin (its spelled incorrect purposefully too)

What is the number of total of mL’s renal blood flow a minute

1,200 mL/min

What consists of urine (organic and inorganic)?

Chloride, Sodium and Water

What filters blood and restricts cells/larger molecules from the plasma filtrate, in the urinate system?

glomerulus

Calculate the creatinine clearance for a patient of average size from the following data:Urine volume: 720 mL for 12 hours; Urine creatinine: 120 mg/dL; Serum creatinine: 1.5 mg/dL

100 mL/min

60 mL/min

120 mL/min

80 mL/min

80 mL/min

What is the order of RENAL BLOOD flow? (six terms)

Afferent arteriole, glomerulus, Efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta and renal vein

For active transport to occur, a substance:

Must be in higher concentration in the filtrate than in the blood

Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy

Must be filtered through the proximal convoluted tubule

Must be in higher concentration in the blood than in the filtrate

Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy

In the measurement of osmolality, a solute that is dissolved in solvent will:

Decrease the freezing point

Decrease the boiling point

Raise the vapor pressure

Raise the dew point

Decrease the freezing point

John White donates one of his two healthy kidneys to his twin brother. His glomerular filtration rate can be expected to:

Decrease gradually over 1 year

Decrease by 50%

Increase by 50%

Remain within a normal range

Remain within a normal range

Measurement of urine osmolality is a more accurate measure of renal concentrating ability than specific gravity because:

Osmolality is measured by instrumentation

Osmolality is influenced equally by small and large molecules

Specific gravity is not influenced by urea and glucose molecules

Specific gravity measures only urea and glucose molecules

Osmolality is influenced equally by small and large molecules

Normal functions of the kidney include all of the following EXCEPT:

Elimination of serum proteins

Regulating electrolyte balance

Elimination of nitrogenous wastes

Regulating body hydration

Elimination of serum proteins

Results for glomerular filtration tests are reported in:

Milliliters per 24 hours

Milliliters per minute

Milliequivalents per liter

Milligrams per deciliter

Milliliters per minute

Substances that can interfere with serum osmolality readings include all of the following EXCEPT:

Sodium

Lipids

Ethanol

Lactic acid

Sodium

The extent to which the kidney concentrates the glomerular filtrate can be determined by measuring:

Urine and serum osmolality

Serum osmolality

Urine creatinine

Serum creatinine

Urine and serum osmolality

What are functions of the kidneys?

1. to clear waste by blood filtration

2. maintain hydration (water & electrolytes)

3. maintain acid-base balance

How much urine does kidneys convert from plasma daily?

600-2000 mL

In what order does URINE FILTRATE flow?

1. Glomerulus(in Bowmans capsule)

2. proximal convoluted tubule

3. Loop of Henle (descending then ascending)

4. distal convoluted tubule

5. collecting duct

What and where controls water reabsorption by responding to ADH?

collecting duct

What does RAAS stand for?

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)

What hormone system regulates blood pressure?

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)

Which of the following are reasons to perform urinalysis testing?

A. Aid disease diagnosis

B. Monitor disease progress

C. A and B

D. A only

C. Both (Aid disease diagnosis and Monitor disease progress)

Which of the following is NOT a organic constituent of urine?

Urea, uric Acid, Creatinine and Chloride

Chloride

What is the value of specific gravity of plasma filtrate?

1.010

The formula C= UV/ (X) 1.73/A is to calculate what?

creatinine clearance