Soc. Psych. Ch10 Attraction

Propinquity Effect

the tendency for people who live or interact near one another to become friends or romantic partners simply because of physical proximity

Festinger, Schacter and Back

study that looked at friendship formation in student housing at MIT, and people became friends with nearby neighbours. Showed that attraction depends on consistency of encounters, functional distance rather than actual distance

Mere exposure effect

the tendency to develop a preference for stimuli(people) simply because we are repeatedly exposed to them

similarity

refers to the tendency to be attracted to people who share our attitudes, values, personalities, interests, or backgrounds

Newcomb study

a study that randomly assigned college men to dorm roommates, who made friends with similar individuals, which showed the similarity theory

perceived similarity

how similar we believe we are to someone, while actual similarity is how similar we truly are based on objective measures,

montoy, horton, and kirchner study

study found that perceived similarity matters more than actual similarity, emphasizing the FEELING being similar matters more than actually being similar

complemetarity

the idea the people are attached to others with traits that DIFFER from their own(opposites attract)

Amodio and Showers

study that examined partner preferences based on relationship commitment, determined that opposites attract

reciprocal liking

the tendency to like people who express liking toward us

curtis and miller

a study that the researchers told participants that their interaction partner either liked or disliked them. when told that their partner liked them, participants were more warm and nicer. Conclusion: reciprocal liking acts like self-fulfilling prophecy

snyder, tanke, and berscheid

study where men who were shown a pretty girl picture of someone they were talking to were more likely to be warm and kind

what is beautiful is good stereotype

the assumption that physically attractive people possess more positive personalities. being pretty strongly biases social judgement

social exchange theory

theory that states that people evaluate relationships based on perceived rewards, costs, and alternatives. people stay when awards > costs and alternative options seem worse.

equity theory

this theory argues that satisfaction in relationships depends on whether partners perceive the relationships as fair and balanced. costs need to be proportional

companionate love

intimacy and commitment without intense passion. long-term relationships shift into this