Final fish Part B Protozoan diseases

Name pathogen piscioodiniosis

Piscinoodinium pillulare

Suceptible hosts of piscinoodinium pillulare

Tropical fish and temperate species

Localization of Piscinoodinium pillulare

skin

fins

gills

LC Piscinoodinium pillulare

trophonts -> fish tegument ->tomont -> dinospores

What are dinospores ?

motile infective stage

Particularity of Piscinoodinium pillulare that helps identification

have chloroplasts for photosynthesis

CS of Piscioodiniosis

Mass mortalities

young fish die quickly

increase mucus

darker skin

dyspnea

anorexia

Prevention of Piscioodiniosis

decrease lighting

increase aquarium T°C

Pathogen name of Ichtyophthiriosis

Ichthyophthirius multifillis

Hosts of Ichtyophthiriosis

All freshwater fish

Localization of Ichthyophthirius multifillis

Skin

gill

LC of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Trophozoite from nodule (skin/gill epithelium) ->tomont (encysted - reproduce) -> theronts (leave cyst) -> trophozoite

Ichthyophthiriosis it a typical ...... water disease

warm

CS of Ichthyophthiriosis

100% mortality

mucoid masses

ulceration from 2nd inf

gill and fin destruction

Cryprinid fish get Ichthyophthirius multifiliis at ? (T°C season)

spring

Salmonid fish get I.multifillis at ? (T°C season)

summer >17°C heat stress

Prevention and treatment Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Formalin

Toltrazuril

UV light

vacuuming of cysts

Which treatment method can kill all stages of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis ?

Drying !

Name of pathogen for Chilodonellosis (x2)

Chilodonella Piscicola Chilodonella hexasticha

Localization of Chilodonella parasites

epithelium (penetrates cell)

CS of chilodonellosis

Hypersecretion of mucus

asphyxia bc gill necrosis

skin ulcers

Therapy of chilodonellosis

Formalin bath

acetic acid or salt bath

Copper immersion

Hosts for trichodina parasites

Marine and freshwater fish

Localisation of Trichodina parasites

Skin

Gills

Other places (UB, GIT, oviducts) -> not pathogenic

CS of trichodinosis

Greyish blue skin

anorexic

suffocation

Skin of fishes with trichodinosis is

Greyish blue

Therapy of trichodinosis

Formalin bath

Copper prolonged immersion

Acetic acid or salt bath(freshwater)

Freshwater bath (marine sp)

Name of pathogen of Ichthyobodosis

Ichthyobodo necator

Ichthyobodo necator is ...... ectoparasites of fish

smallest

Hosts of Ichthyobodo necator

Young fish (fry and eggs)

Localization of Ichthyobodo necator

epithelium

LC of Ichthyobodo necator

Mobile form

CS of Ichthyobodosis

Mortality high

Irritation -> hyperplasia -> mucus -> bluish whitish film

The epithelial hyperplasia and mucus causes ... in Ichthyobodosis

Bluish whitish film

Therapy for Ichthyobodosis

Formalin bath

Salt bath for freshwater sp

metronidazole

Increase T°C above 30 °C

Name 4 species of Spironucleosis parasites

S. SALMONIS

S. BARKHANUS

S. VORTENS

S. ELEGANS

Hosts of Spironucleus salmonis

stressed fresh water salmonids

Localization of Spironucleus salmonis

anterior intestine

Pyloric ceca

(+UB)

Hosts of Spironucleus barkhanus

Cage culture salmonids

Localization of Spironucleus barkhanus

Prolif in blood -> internal organs + muscle and skin

Hosts of S. vortens + elegans

Aquarium fish

Localization of S vortens and elegans

Intestine + other organs

Spironucleu vortens and elegans cause which syndrome

Hole in the Head

Lc of spironucleosis parasites

ingested -> excystation trophozoits -> asexually repro -> systemic inf -> RELEASE IN WATER

CS of spironucleosis

anorexia

dark colour

abdominal distension

Diagnosis, prevention & therapy of spironucleosis

fecal exam + necropsy (blood spleen liver)

change water

metronidazole

Which drug to treat spironucleosis

metronidazole

Gill amoebic infestation name of pathogen

Neoparamoeba perurans

Hosts of Neoparamoeba pururans

Marine fish (salmon + rainbow trout)

Neoparamoeba pururans causes (disease)

Amoebic Gill disease (AGD)

Localization of Neoparamoeba pururans

gills

progressive systemic (respi, osmoreg, circu)

Transmission of Neoparamoeba pururans

Transmitted by water

Neoparamoeba pururans optimal conditions

10-18°C

High salinity

CS of amoeba gill disease

lethargy

lamellar hyperplasia

Which parameters are increased in amoebic gill disease?

serum Na levels

ventilation rate

temperature

Describe complex gill disease (CGD)

Chronic prolif and inflammatory pb in Atlantic salmon gills

Therapy of amoeba gill disease

Macro and micro gill lesions

Hydrogen peroxide baths

Difficult Treatment

Name of the pathogen of nodular gill amoebic infestation

Cochlipodium spp

Hosts of nodular gill amoebic infestation

Rainbow trout

Symptoms of nodular gill amoebic infestation

same than AGD in freshwaterfish

Therapy of nodular gill amoebic infestation

formalin

salt bath

chloramine T baths for BGD co infection

Name of Myxobolosis salmonidarum

Myxobolus cerebralis

What does Myxobolus cerebralis attacks

Cartilage

Suceptible host of myxobolus cerebralis

salmonid fry

Localization of Myxobolus cerebralis

tissues and organ cavities (UB, GallB)

Lc of myxobolus cerebralis

triactinomyxon spores ->pierce epithelium or ingested->spores in cartilage of spine and skull -> fish dies and spores released -> IH -> gametogony and sporogony

CS of Myxobolosis salmonidarum

TAIL BLACKENING

whirling behaviour

skeletal deformities

The tail of fish with Myxobolus salmonidarum becomes

black

Therapy of Myxobolopsis salmonidarum

Warm water to wash worms

Ideal temperature for hosts and parasites Myxobolus cerebralis

10-15°C

other name of ichthyophthiriosis

White spot disease