Kant, Digital Minimalism, and Moral Philosophy – Flashcard Set

Q1: What does Kant mean by an “end”?

An “end” is a goal or purpose that a rational agent sets because they value it.

Q2: What is the difference between an instrumental end and an end in itself?

Instrumental ends are valuable only because they help achieve something else; ends in themselves have value regardless of desires.

Q3: According to Kant, what is an example of an end in itself?

Humanity — specifically, the capacity for rational agency (setting goals and making plans).

Q4: What is Kant’s principle about how we should treat humanity?

"Act so that you treat humanity, in yourself or others, always as an end, never merely as a means."

Q5: What does “humanity” mean in Kantian ethics?

The capacity to reason, set ends, and act on them — not just being human or alive.

Q6: What is the “rational seal of approval”?

A desire has it when it aligns with your reflective, reasoned judgment about how you should live.

Q7: What is digital minimalism according to Aylsworth & Castro?

Using digital technology intentionally, in ways that don’t conflict with your rational goals.

Q8: Why is phone addiction a moral problem, not just a personal one?

It undermines your autonomy — your ability to pursue rational goals — which Kant says has absolute moral value.

Q9: What is an imperfect duty?

A moral obligation that allows flexibility in how it’s fulfilled (e.g., cultivating talents, being a digital minimalist).

Q10: What is the central conclusion of Aylsworth & Castro’s argument?

We have an imperfect moral duty to be digital minimalists to respect and protect our own rational agency.

Q11: How do smartphones disrupt rational agency?

They create compulsive behaviors that hijack attention, weaken self-control, and prevent focus on long-term goals.

Q12: What is Kant's view on the value of rational agency?

It is objective, unconditional, non-fungible, and forms the basis of all moral duties.

Q13: How do addictive technologies violate the formula of humanity?

They cause us to treat ourselves merely as tools for dopamine/reward loops, not as autonomous agents.