breathing patterns

eupnea

normal rate and depth

eupnea rate for adults

12-20 breaths/min

eupnea rate for children

15-25 breaths/min

eupnea rate for newborns

35-45 breath/min

bradypnea

decreased(less than normal) respiratory rate

what is bradypnea associated with

head trauma

overdose

apnea

absence of breathing for a specific period of time(usually >10 secs)

apnea is associated with respiratory aresst caused by

asphyxia

severe drug overdose

OSA and CSA

central respiratory center disorders

tachypnea

increased (faster than normal)respiratory rate

what is tachypnea associated with

decreased lung compliance

restrictive disorders

restrictive disorders associated with tachypnea

pneumonia

pulmonary edema

hypopnea

shallow respirations(half of normal depth) with slower than normal respiratory rate. can be normal in well-conditioned athletes

hypopnea is associated with

damage to brainstem(accompanied with weak, rapid pulse)

OSA

hyperpnea

deep, rapid, labored breathinghy

hyperpnea is associated with

conditions that result in inadequate oxygenation(usually cardiac or respiratory in nature)

what is hyperpnea also called

hyperventilation

kussmal

increased rate and depth of breathing with irregular breathing pattern

what is kussmaul breathing associated with

DKA (severe metabolic acidosis)

biots

periods of deep, consistent volumes with unpredictable and irregular periods of apnea

what is biots breathing associated with

increased icp

meningitis

CNS disorders

cheyne stokes

deep, rapid breathing then decreasing rate and volume followed by periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds

cheyne stokes is associated with

stroke

head injury

pneumonia in the elderly

CHF

drug overdose