chapter 8 Fluency Disorders (stuttering)

Onset & Development

Typically begins in childhood, may worsen with stress

Evaluation

Speech sample analysis, parent/teacher interviews

Characteristics

Repetitions, prolongations, blocks

Secondary Characteristics

Facial tension, hand movements

Developmental Stuttering

Gradual onset, common in children

Neurogenic Stuttering

Caused by brain injury or disease

phase 1 (2-6 years)

Sound/syllable repetitions ; generally not

aware or bothered

Theories of Stuttering

Genetic, neurological, environmental influences

Intervention Goals

Increase fluency, reduce anxiety, use speech techniques

Phase 2 (elementary school)

Stuttering on content words, more habitual;

Phase 3 (8 years - young adulthood)

SStuttering in response to situations; little fear avoidance, embarrassment

Phase Four

Most advanced; fearful anticipation, avoidance of words/situations; embarrassment