Common Medical Disorders and Related Terms
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A collection of flashcards covering the most common diseases, conditions, and related medical terms for study purposes.
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72 Terms
Multiple Sclerosis
Most common demyelinating disorder.
Middle meningeal artery
Most common vessel affected for Epidural hematoma.
Bridging veins
Most common vessel affected for subdural hematoma.
Trachoma
Most common cause of preventable blindness in underdeveloped areas; an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
Open-angle
Most common form of Glaucoma.
Prolactinoma
Most common pituitary tumor.
Hemorrhage
Most common complication of peptic ulcer.
Alpha toxin
Most common toxin of clostridium bacteria.
Coagulation necrosis
Most common and most basic type of necrosis.
Trisomy 21
Most common chromosomal disorder; also known as Down Syndrome.
Hypovolemic shock
Most common type of shock.
Rotaviruses
Most common cause of gastroenteritis in children (2 and under).
Vermillion border of lips
Most common site of recurrence of HSV-1 in adults; known as herpes labialis or cold sores.
Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Mumps virus
Most common cause of aseptic meningitis.
Dengue fever
Most common human disease caused by an arbovirus.
Japanese encephalitis virus
Most common cause of epidemic encephalitis.
CMV
Most common viral cause of mental retardation.
Adult polycystic kidney disease
Most common inherited nephropathy.
Cirrhosis of the liver
Most common chronic liver disease.
Esophageal varices
Most common source of hematemesis in alcoholics.
Hepatitis C
Most common reason for liver transplantation.
Alcoholism
Most common cause of Cirrhosis.
Centriacinar emphysema
Most common form of emphysema.
Atopic asthma
Most common type of asthma.
Increased hydrostatic pressure
Most common hemodynamic cause of pulmonary edema.
Cystic fibrosis
Most common fatal genetic disease in white children.
Silicosis
Most common and most serious pneumoconiosis; also known as stone mason's disease.
Basal cell carcinoma
Most common invasive cancer in humans.
Adenocarcinoma of the colon
Most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract.
Sigmoid colon
Most common site of colon cancer.
Prostate cancer
Most common cancer in males.
Uterine fibroids
Most common pelvic tumors.
Breast cancer
Most common cancer in females.
Lung cancer
Most common cause of death from cancer for both males and females.
Nodular sclerosis
Most common type of Hodgkin lymphoma.
Osteogenic sarcoma
Most common primary malignant tumor of the bone.
Bone pain
Most common indication of primary malignant tumor of the bone.
Kidney disease
Most common cause of secondary hypertension.
ABO incompatibility
Most common form of Erythroblastosis Fetalis.
Alpha thalassemia
Most common form of thalassemia in Southeast Asia.
Thrombocytopenia
Most common cause of bleeding disorder.
Osteoarthritis
Most common type of joint disease.
Coxsackie B virus and echovirus
Most common viral cause of pericarditis.
Left-sided heart failure
Most common cause of right-sided heart failure.
Exertional dyspnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Most common and earliest sign of congestive heart failure (CHF).
Coronary atherosclerosis
Most common cause of myocardial infarction.
Ludwig's angina
Most common encountered neck space infection.
Generalized tetanus
Most common form of tetanus.
Chlamydial cervicitis
Most common sexually transmitted infection.
Allergy to penicillin & related antibiotics
Most common cause of systemic anaphylaxis.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults.
Grave's disease
Most common cause of endogenous hyperthyroidism.
Diabetes insipidus
Most common disease related to ADH (vasopressin).
Staphylococcus aureus
Most common cause of Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome.
Irritation dermatitis
Most common form of an adverse epithelial reaction noted for health-care professionals.
Poxviruses
Most complex and largest viruses.
Prions
Most recently recognized and simplest infectious agents.
Rhinoviruses
Most important cause of common cold and upper respiratory tract infections (URTI).
Bacterial toxins
Most potent poisons.
Transformation
Most primitive of mechanisms for gene transfer among bacteria.
Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
Most aggressive of the lung tumors.
Malignant melanoma
Most severe tumor of the skin.
Lymph node involvement
Most valuable prognostic predictor of breast cancer.
Metastasis
Most important characteristic that distinguishes malignant and benign tumors.
Cardiac tamponade
Most serious complication of pericarditis.
Parathyroid adenoma
Most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism.
Neutrophils
Most numerous of WBCs.
Alcohol
Most widely used antiseptic.
Iodine
Most effective skin antiseptic.
Heat sterilization
Most efficient way to kill microbes.
Hands
Most important vehicles for microbial spread of disease.
Ethanol-based hand antiseptics
Most effective alcohol against common pathogens, containing 60-90% alcohol.
