Digestive System Part 3

The tongue is made up of ____ muscle and covered in ____________ epithelium.

Skeletal…… stratified squamous epithelium

_______ lie on the surface of the tongue and contain taste buds.

Papillae

Why is the tongue covered in stratified squamous epithelium?

To withstand abrasion from rough food particles

Two reasons why the tongue is important.

Chewing and forming words

Name the three salvary glands that produces saliva.

Parotid glands, submandipular glands, and sublingual glands

Name the location of the parotid glands.

Just below and in front of the ears

They submandibular glands are located….

At the posterior corners of the mandible

Name the location of the sublingual glands.

Below the floor of the mouth

2 facts about saliva

- it is majority water which is important to dissolve food for tasting and moisten it for swallowing

- it's made up of water, mucus, buffers, & enzymes (such as amylase and lysozyme)

Importance of salvary amylase

Breaks down complex carbohydrates

Importance of lysozyme

Inhibits the growth of bacteria

Importance of the oral pharynx and laryngopharynx

They are food passageways that connect the oral cavity to the esophagus

Digestion takes place in the ____ and it's only job is ______.

Pharynx ….. commence swallowing

Define esophagus

Hollow muscular tube that runs from the pharynx to the stomach and has two sphincters

Define stomach and location

Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity and is a muscular expandable J shaped organ that converts bolus into chyme

What is the name of the opening to the stomach?

Cardiac orifice

What is the name of the entrance to the stomach for the esophagus?

Cardiac region or cardia

Name the region where the esophagus empties into the stomach.

Cardio

Name the Dome shaped portion at the top of the stomach that lies adjacent to the cardia.

Fundus

Which portion lies adjacent to the duodenum of the small intestines

Pyloris

What is the importance of the pyloric sphincter?

Regulate the flow of chyme of the stomach into the duodenum of the small intestine

Four important facts of the small intestine

- is 1 inch. in diameter

-Approximately 20 ft long

-extends from the stomach to the cecum of the large intestines

- the duatnam makes up the first 10 in of this organ

- digestion is completed here and the end products are absorbed in the blood

Name the 4 parts of the small intestines in order.

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ilieum, Ileocecal sphincter

Importance of the ileocecal sphincter

Release waste and other products into the large intestine/ colon

What are the measurements of the large intestines?

Two and a half inches in diameter and 5 ft in length. The first section of this organ is the cecum.

What is attached to the cecum of the large intestine?

Appendix which has no function and is prone to infection

With the anatomy of the colon, you start with the appendix then what?

Appendix, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and lastly anal canal

The colon is ____ long?

Six inches

Name the function of the colon

Absorb water, minerals, and vitamins and eliminate undigestible waste from the body

What is the overall function of the liver?

Produce bile that can emulsify fats and also that just means to take these larger fat losses and breaking into smaller fat molecules this is mechanical again in a minute bile is mostly water

3 facts of the gallbladder

-Store excess bile

- three to four inches long

- located under right lobe of the liver

Importance of pancreas

Produce enzymes involved in the digestion of the complex food molecules: protein, lipids, and carbs