CHE 107 General Chemistry Overview

These flashcards cover essential concepts and definitions from the CHE 107 General Chemistry lecture notes, including key laws, theories, and principles related to chemistry.

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that __.

the total mass of substances present after a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass before the reaction.

All samples of a compound have the same composition according to __.

the Law of Constant Composition or Definite Proportions.

__ states that each chemical element is composed of minute indestructible particles called atoms.

Dalton's Atomic Theory.

An atom consists of __, __, and __.

protons, neutrons, and electrons.

The __ is defined as 1/12 of the mass of the atom known as carbon twelve.

Atomic mass unit (u).

The __ is the number of protons in an atom.

Atomic number.

Isotopes are atoms that have the same but different .

atomic number; mass number.

The __ describes the shape of an orbital in atoms.

Angular momentum quantum number (L).

The principle that states no two electrons in an atom may have the same set of quantum numbers is called __.

Pauli exclusion principle.

The equation that describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength in light is __.

C = μλ.

In a balanced chemical equation, the total number of __ on both sides must be equal.

atoms.

The __ theory is used to predict the shapes of molecules based on electron pair repulsion.

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR).

When one element is oxidized in a chemical reaction, it is called a __ reaction.

disproportionation.

Mole is the amount of substance that contains __ as there are in 12 g of carbon-12.

the same number of elementary entities.

The __ states that the energy levels in an atom are quantized.

Quantum theory.

A __ is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution.

strong acid.

The electronegativity scale ranges from to .

less than 1; more than 4.

The __ reflects the energy or work needed to remove an electron from an atom.

Ionization energy.

An ionic bond typically forms between and .

metals; non-metals.

In a redox reaction, the substance that gains electrons is known as the __.

oxidizing agent.

The __ indicates how much the atoms share or pull electrons in a bond.

electronegativity.