Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Pt. 2

Capsule Features

Some bacteria have a layer of carbohydrates that surrounds the cell wall called the capsule.

Cell Wall Features

The cell wall provides structure and protection from the outside environment.

Cell Membrane Features

The cell membrane is a layer that surrounds the entire cell and the organelles within.

Cytoplasm Features

The jelly-like region of the cell between the nuclear envelope and plasma membrane.

Nucleoid Features

A central region of the cell that contains its circular DNA.

Ribosome Features

Small grain-like structures that are responsible for protein synthesis.

Flagella Features

Flagella are thin, long, tail-like structures that assist in movement.

Pili Features

Pili are shorter rod-shaped structures similar to flagella, involved in multiple roles, including attachment and DNA transfer.

Nucleus Features

A membrane-bound structure that stores the genetic information (DNA).

Nucleolus Features

Found inside of the nucleus, the nucleolus is the part of eukaryotic cells where ribosomal RNA is produced.

Mitochondria Features

Mitochondria, are known as the powerhouses of the cell and are responsible for energy production by cellular respiration.

Endoplasm Reticulum Features

The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle dedicated to protein maturation and transportation.

Vesticles & Vacuoles Features

Vesicles and vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs involved in transportation and storage.

Golgi Apparatus Features

These are stacks of membrane-bound structures, which are involved in packaging and distributing synthesised macromolecules to various parts of the cell.

Chloroplasts Features

An elongated organelle enclosed by a membrane. The chloroplast comprises a circular DNA and contains a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll required for the process of photosynthesis.

Lysosomes Features

Digests food particles and old cell parts, clean up the waste and protect it from foreign invaders.