AICE International History: Unit 1.1

Imperialism

a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force

Industrialization

the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

Mercantilism

belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism

Nationalism

identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.

Scramble for Africa

The Scramble for Africa, also called the Partition of Africa or the Conquest of Africa, was the invasion, occupation, division, and colonisation of African territory by European powers during a short period known to historians as the New Imperialism.

Social Darwinism

the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform

David Livingstone

Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)

Berlin Conference

A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa

Boers

Dutch settlers in South Africa

Boxer Rebellion

1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops.

Cecil Rhodes

Born in 1853, played a major political and economic role in colonial South Africa. He was a financier, statesman, and empire builder with a philosophy of mystical imperialism.

imperial

relating to an empire

raw materials

the basic material from which a product is made.

Suez Canal

A ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea

Russia Imperialism

Wanted Korea for an ice-free port and needed a place to end the trans-Siberian railroad.

Genocide

the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.