African, Latin-American, and Popular Music Review

30 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering African, Latin-American, Afro-Latin, Euro-Latin, and popular music genres, their histories, purposes, and key characteristics.

The instrument called “banshaw” brought by enslaved Africans in the 17th century is now known as the __.

banjo

The southern plantation songs that followed a leader–chorus pattern were called __ songs.

holler (work)

The genre that combines West African music with African-American styles is __.

Afrobeat

The Nigerian music used to wake Ramadan worshippers is __.

Apala (Akpala)

The style from Salvador, Bahia that fuses reggae, calypso, and marcha is __.

Axe

The fast Zimbabwean drum-and-guitar dance is called __.

Jit

The lively South African dance related to the jitterbug is __.

Jive

The Zairean dance featuring hips moving forward and backward is __.

Kwassa Kwassa

The Jamaican genre noted for its off-beat “skank” rhythm is __.

Reggae

The 1970s New York genre fusing Afro-Cuban rhythms, Latin styles, and jazz is __.

Salsa

The energetic Brazilian music and dance celebrated at Rio Carnival is __.

Samba

The expressive, soulful music rooted in African-American communities is the __.

Blues

The fusion of African percussion and Portuguese melodies is called __.

Maracatu

A musical pattern where a leader sings and the group answers is __.

Call and Response

The genre mixing gospel, rhythm & blues, and jazz influences is __.

Soul

Religious songs used by enslaved Africans to express suffering and hope are called __.

Spirituals

Ballads that blend Anglo-American and Afro-American styles with anti-hero themes are __ ballads.

Blue

Pop & Rock ballads often revolve around an __ love story theme.

emotional

Widely lasting songs with relaxing tempos and simple lyrics are known as musical __.

standards

The 20th-century style blending Afro-American, Western swing, and country influences is __.

Rock & Roll

A dance-oriented rock style named from the French “discothèque” is __.

Disco

Latin-American music was shaped chiefly by Indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese, and __ influences.

African

Indigenous Latin-American music was commonly performed in ceremonies asking deities for __.

protection

The African rhythmic influence in Latin America is heard mostly through __ instruments.

drums (percussion)

Popular music literally means “music of the __.”

populace

African music is used to mark life events such as birth, marriage, puberty, and __.

death

One purpose of African work songs is to __ the load of hard labor.

lighten

Plantation owners banned drums because slaves used them for secret __.

communication

Renaissance melodies particularly shaped music on Colombia’s __ coast.

Pacific

Music from over 50 African ethnic groups that later influenced jazz worldwide is collectively called __ music.

African