AP Human Geography 1st Exam

What are the two main reasons people and activities are found on Earth?

Human Geography and Earth's fundamental characteristics.

What makes every place on Earth unique?

Place and Region.

What makes places interrelated?

Scale, Space, and Connection.

What is a choropleth map?

A map with shaded patterns to represent data; darker = higher value.

What is a graduated symbol map?

Uses circles or shapes of different sizes to show quantity.

What is a dot distribution map?

Uses dots to show frequency or quantity.

What is a cartogram?

Distorts size of areas to show data values.

What is map scale?

It shows how much of Earth's surface is shown on a map.

What does a larger scale show?

More detail, smaller area.

What does a smaller scale show?

Less detail, larger area.

What are the types of map scale?

Ratio/Fraction, Written, Graphic Bar.

What is a map projection?

Transferring locations from globe to flat map.

What are the four kinds of distortion?

Shape, Distance, Relative Size, Direction.

What is the Winkel Projection?

Preserves relative size, minimal shape distortion.

What is the Mercator Projection?

Rectangular, minimal shape distortion, distorts size near poles.

What is the Gall-Peters Projection?

Preserves relative size, distorts shape.

What is GIScience?

Analysis of data from satellites and electronics.

What is GIS?

Geographic Information System - captures, stores, and displays geographic data.

What is Remote Sensing?

Collecting data from satellites to study Earth's surface.

What is GPS?

A satellite system that pinpoints exact location.

What is Geotagging?

Attaching location data (lat/long) to information.

What is Geocoding?

Turning addresses into coordinates using systems like "What 3 Words."

What is VGI?

Volunteered Geographic Information - created by public.

What is Citizen Science?

Public participation in scientific research.

What is PGIS

Participatory GIS - community-based mapping.

What are meridians and parallels?

Meridians = longitude, Parallels = latitude.

What is the Prime Meridian?

0° longitude.

How many time zones are there?

24, each covering 15° of longitude.

What is the International Date Line?

180° longitude, where date changes by 24 hours.