U1 P1.1

1 meter = ? inches

39.3 inches

1 kg = ? lbs

2.2 lbs

1 kg = ? grams

1000 grams

physics

the study of matter, energy and their interactions

x-ray image production

applied physics that explains the production a radiographic images (i.e. electrical energy converted to electromagnetic energy)

force acting on a body over distance (measured in joules)

work

expenditure of energy to do work (potential or actual ability)

energy

types of mechanical energy

kinetic and potential

kinetic energy

energy of motion

potential energy

stored energy

LAW of Conservation of Energy

states "that energy can neither be creatednor destroyed; rather, it can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another"

Forms of energy

light, heat, sound, chemical, nuclear, atomic, mechanical and electric

1 - battery stored energy
2 - energy released from battery
3 - light, xrays
4 - weak or strong forces within atom
5 - production of xrays

1 - chemical energy
2 - electric energy
3 - electromagnetic energy
4 - nuclear energy
5 - mechanical energy

matter

anything that has mass and takes up space and has weight

What is matter made up of?

atoms

protons give an atom

its identity --> atomic/Z#

more protons = _____ binding energy

more binding energy

neutrons and protons have the same _____ , but neutron is slights ______ than proton

mass; heavier

electrons

orbit in constant motion & spin on axis

binding energy

describes how tightly electrons are held in the energy shell

electron binding energy is

the energy required to remove the electron for the electron shell & is measured in electron volts (ev)

electron shell equation

2N²

ionic vs covalent bonds

ionic: attractions of 2 opposite charges
covalent: 2 atoms sharing an orbital electron

Atomic Nomenclature

atomic/Z# = #protons
mass# = atomic weight = #protons+#neutrons

Isotopes

elements that exist in different forms; same #protons, different #neutrons & mass# (unstable-radioisotopes)

nuclide

an atom that is identified by the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus

Ionization

the process of gain or loss of an electron from an atom or molecule

Which shell has the highest binding energy?

K shell

Which shell does the electron possess the highest kinetic energy?

outermost shell