Pharmacology ch2

dose

Quantity of drug administered at one time

dosage

The administration of a specific amount, dose number, and dose frequency of a drug

ceiling affect

As greater dosages of a drug are given, the point at which either no improved

bioavailability

The fraction of a dose available to the target tissue

first pass effect

Metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches the systematic circulation

therapeutic level

the amount of drug in a patient's blood which gives the desired response

duration of action

The length of time a drug is at the therapeutic level

loading dose

An amount of drug that will bring the blood concentration rapidly to a therapeutic level.

maitenance dose

A dose given at regular intervals to keep the drug at a therapeutic level

Pharmacokinetic modeling

A method of mathematically describing the process of absorption distribution, metabolism, and elimination of a drug within the body.

zero order elimination

effects quality of drug is eliminated per unit of time

First order elimination

a constant fraction of the remaining drug is eliminated per unit of time

half-life

the time it takes for the buy to eliminate half of the drug in the body at one time (noted as 1 1/2)

Therapeutic response

the desired action of a drug, to cure, decrease symptoms, prevent or diagnose

local effect

effect confined to a specific part of the body

systemic effect

Generalized effect on the body

prophylaxis

use of a drug prevented disease or infection

indication

add disease, symptom, or condition for which a drug is of benefit

Contraindications

a disease, symptom, or condition which precludes using the drug due to harm