Muscles of the Back

Trapezius M.- Superior

Action

• elevation/ upward rotation

Origin

• occipital bone

Insertion

• scapula

Trapezius M. Middle

Action:

• rotation

Origin

• cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Insertion

• Spine and scapula

Trapezius M. Inferior

Action

• depression and upward rotation

Origin

• lower thoracic vertebrae

Insertion

• spine of scapula

Rhomboid Major M.

Action

• scapular retraction

Rhomboid Minor M.

Action

• scapular retraction

Iliocostalis M.

Action

• spinal extension, isplateral lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of the head

Longissimus M.

Action

• spinal extension, ipsilateral lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of the head

Spinalis M.

• spinal extension, ipsilateral lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of the head

Quadratus Lumborum M.

Action

• lower back extension, ipsilateral lateral flexion, fixes rib 12, stabilizes diaphragm