AP HUG Vocab Quiz 5.10-5.12

Land cover change

Study of how land is used and the impact of changing land use

Desertification

Altercation of the natural vegetation in arid areas cause fertile land to become infertile

Salinization

Salt by water used by plants remain in the soil

Terrace farming

farmers build a series of steps into the side of the hill

Center-Pivot irrigation

Watering equipment rotates around a pivot and delivers specific amounts of water, fertilizer, or pesticides to the field

Wetlands

Low laying areas that contain a significant amount of water at or near the surface

Deforestation

The removal of large tracts of forest

Slash-and-burn agriculture

All vegetation of an area of a forest is cut down and burned in place

Blue Revolution

Practice of raising and harvesting fish and other forms of food that live in water becomes more global

Overgraze

Density of animals is greater than even expansive grasslands can support

Organic Foods

Crops must be non-GMO produced without pesticides or synthetic fertilizers and use sustainable growing practices

Value-added crops

Consumers are willing to pay more because of special qualities or because they are difficult to acquire

Value-added farming

Farmers process their crops into high-values products rather than simply selling it as it comes from the field

Local-food movement

Seeking out food produced nearby

Urban farming

Production of farm goods within an urban area with the goal of producing locally grown food

Community gardens

Shared agricultural products with family, friends and perhaps those in need rather than a business

Vertical farms

Grows crops inside in stackable trays using greenhouses artificial lights and hydroponics

Hydroponics

Allows crops to grow without soil using mineral enriched solutions

Community-supported agriculture (CSA)

Consumers buy a share, or subscribe to a certain quantity of crops for a season

Food insecurity

Households lack access to adequate food because of limited money or other resources

Food desert

Neighborhood where residents have little to no access to healthy and affordable food

Food distribution system

network of trade and transportation that get food from farms to consumers

Food processing

Transformation of agricultural products into food or taking food items and transforming them into a different type of food

Tariff

Tax on imports

Quota

limit the quantity of a good imported

Gender inequality

Unequal opportunities treatment or rights of a person based on gender

Gender-specific obstacles

discriminatory practices that prevent female farmers from reaching their potential productivity

Crop Gap

The disparity in agricultural yields or productivity between different groups